Micro 3 - Staphylococcus Flashcards
What G(+) has branching filaments and is aerobe and acid fast?
Nocardia.
What are 4 G(+) rods?
Clostridium (anaerobe), corynebacterium, Listeria, Bacillus.
What G(+) cocci is catalase negative?
Streptococcus.
What G(+) cocci are catalase positive?
Staphylococcus.
What are 2 G(+) cocci?
Staphylococcus and Streptococcus.
What Staphylococcus type is coagulase positive?
S. aureus.
What G(+) Staphylococcus are coagulase negative?
S. epidermis and S. saprophyticus.
What Staphylococcus is novobiocin sensitive?
S. epidermidis. It is coagulase negative.
What Staphylococcus is novobiocin resistant?
S. saprophyticus. It is coagulase negative.
How can we differentiate between Staphylococcus vs Streptococcus In a simple microscope finding?
Staphylococcus stick together in clusters and Streptococcus are in chains or in pairs.
What does catalase do?
Degrades hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water. So if you put hydrogen peroxide on a catalase postive bacteria, it will start to make bubbles (oxygen and water).
What G(+) Has branching filament that is anaerobe and no acid fast?
Actinomyces.
What does coagulase do?
A virulence factor, that allows the bacteria that have it to induce coagulation or blood clotting. It also allows bacterial binding to fibrin and fibrinogen, increasing binding to host tissue and decreasing to phagocytosis.
What is the difference between alpha, beta, and gamma hemolysis?
Beta is complete hemolysis, alpha is partial and gamma has no hemolysis.
In blood agar, there is a green ring around this cultivated bacteria. Which bacteria could it be?
Green ring around the bacteria is the alpha hemolysis. It can be either S.pneumoniae or viridans streptococci.
Which streptococcus have alpha hemolysis?
S.pneumoniae, and viridans streptococci.
Which type of stretococcus has beta hemolysis?
S.pyogenes and S.agalactiae.
Which type of streptococcus has gamma hemolysis?
Enterococcus.
There is bacteria that has alpha hemolysis and has a capsule. Which bacteria is it?
S.pneumoniae.
What is another name for Group A streptococcus? What is for Group B?
Group A: S.pyogenes.
Group B: S.agalactiae.
What bacteria colonizes the female genital tract and cause pneumonia and meningitis in newborns?
Group B streptococcus (S.agalactiae).
Which streptococcus is sensitive to Bacitracin and which one is resistant to it?
S.pyogenes is sensitive to bacitracin while S.agalactiae is resistant.
RFF: Acid-fast bacilli on sputum.
Mycobacterium.
What does Protein A made from Staphylococcus aureus do?
It binds to human immunogobulin, disrupting opsonization and phagocytosis.
What are some pigment-producing bacteria?
Staph aureus (Large golden colonies), Actinomyces israelii (yellow “sulfer” granules), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(blue-green pigment), Serratia marcescens(red pigment).
Where do we see staph epidermidis?
It is part of the normal flora. However, when it gets into the blood stream it can colonize prosthetic heart valves, central venous catheters, and prosthetic joints by making a biofilm.
Where do we see staph saprophyticus?
UTIs, among young sexually active females.
