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DIT Microbiology > Micro 17 - Micro By Systems Part 1 > Flashcards

Micro 17 - Micro By Systems Part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What normal flora bacteria do we find in Nose?

A

Staph epidermidis, staph aureus.

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2
Q

What normal flora bacteria do we find in oropharynx?

A

Viridans group streptococci.

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3
Q

What normal flora bacteria do we find in colon?

A

Bacteroides fragilis and E.coli.

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4
Q

What normal flora bacteria do we find in vagina?

A

Lactobacillus, e.coli, Group B streptococcus (GBS).

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5
Q

What are the cause of pneumonia in neonates?

A

GBS, E.coli.

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6
Q

What drugs do we use for pneumonia in neonates?

A

Ampicillin and gentamicin.

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7
Q

What are the causes of pneumonia in 4 weeks to 18 years of age?

A

RSV, Mycoplasma, C.trachomatis, C.pneumoniae, S.pneumoniae.

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8
Q

What are the causes of pneumonia in adults 18-40 years?

A

Mycoplasma, C.pneumoniae, S.pneumoniae.

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9
Q

What are the causes of pneumonia in adults 40-65 years of age?

A

S.pneumoniae, H.influenzae, Anaerobes.

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10
Q

What would be a good antibiotic to use against anaerobes that is causing pneumonia?

A

Clindamycin.

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11
Q

What are the causes of pneumonia in elderly patients?

A

S.pneumoniae, Influenza, Anaerobes, H.influenzae, G(-) rods.

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12
Q

What are two Hospital acquired pneumonia?

A

MRSA, G(-) rods.

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13
Q

What are some causes of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients?

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii.

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14
Q

What type of bacteria do we see in aspiration pneumonia?

A

Anaerobes.

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15
Q

What type of bacteria causes pneumonia in alcoholics/IV drug users?

A

S.pneumonia, Klebsiella, Staph, anaerobes.

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16
Q

What bacteria do we see in patients with cystic fibrosis?

A

Pseudomonas, S.aureus, S.pneumoniae.

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17
Q

What are the three bacteria that cause atypical pneumonia?

A

Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydophila.

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18
Q

What are the causes of meningitis in newborns to 6 months age?

A

GBS, E.coli, Listeria.

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19
Q

What are the causes of meningitis in ages 6 months to 6 years?

A

Enterovirus (Echovirus, Coxsackievirus), S.pneumoniae, N.meningitidis (purpura formation on skin), H.influenzae type B.

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20
Q

What are the causes of meningitis from ages 6 years to 60 years?

A

S.pneumoniae, N.meningitidis, Enteroviruses, HSV (causes temporal lobe encephalitis).

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21
Q

What are the causes of meningitis in patients over the age of 60?

A

S.pneumoniae, G(-) rods, Listeria.

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22
Q

What is one special cause of meningitis in HIV patients?

A

Cryptococcus.

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23
Q

How do we treat meningitis?

A

Culture bacteria from CSF. Empiric antibiotics treatment (ceftriaxone and vacomycin). Dexamethasone (lowers neurologic sequelae in children, morbidity and mortality in adults).

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24
Q

What do we see in the CSF finding of bacterial meningitis?

A

Pressure ele, WBC count ele, Predominant cell type is neutrophils. Protein ele, Glucose dec.

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25
Q

What do wee see in the CSF finding in fungal and TB meningitis?

A

Pressure ele, WBC count ele, Predominant cell type is Lymphocytes. Protein ele, Glucose, dec.

26
Q

What do we see in the CSF finding in viral meningitidis?

A

Normal to slightly ele pressure, normal to slightly ele protein. Normal glucose, WBC count ele (but similar seen in bacterial meningitis), Predominant cell type (lymphocytes).

27
Q

What is the most common bacteria seen in osteomyelitis? And what do we use?

A

S.aureus. Use vancomycin.

28
Q

What is a common cause of osteomyelitis in young sexually active patients?

A

N.gonorrhoeae. But it will cause more likely a septic joint rather than osteomyelitis.

29
Q

What would be the cause of osteomyelitis in diabetic and drug addicts?

A

Pseudomonas.

30
Q

What would be the cause of osteomyelitis in sickle cell patients?

A

Salmonella.

31
Q

What would be the cause of osteomyelitis in prosthetic replacements?

A

S.aureus, S.epidermidis.

32
Q

What would be the cause of vertebral osteomyelitis?

A

Pott’s disease (M.tuberculosis).

33
Q

What would be the cause of osteomyelitis after dog or cat bites/scratches?

A

Pasteurella multocida.

34
Q

How do we diagnose osteomyelitis?

A

ESR or CRP (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C Reactive protein). If they are normal, you can effectively rule out osteomyelitis. If positive, inflammation is occurring somewhere in the body. Gold standard: bone biopsy. Do MRI.

35
Q

Common cause of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients.

A

Pneumoncystis jirovecii.

36
Q

Most common cause of atypical/walking pneumonia.

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

37
Q

Most common fungal infection of the lung in the Texas/Gulf Coast region.

A

Histoplasma.

38
Q

Common causative agent for pneumonia in alcoholics.

A

S.pneumoniae>K.pneumoniae.

39
Q

Can cause interstitial pneumoniae in bird handlers.

A

C.psittaci.

40
Q

Often the cause of pneumoniae in a patient with a history of exposure to bats and bat droppings.

A

Histoplasma.

41
Q

Fungal cause of pneumonia in patient who has recently visited southern California, New Mexico, or West Texas.

A

Coccidioides immitis.

42
Q

Pneumonia associated with currant jelly sputum.

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae.

43
Q

Causes Q fever.

A

Coxiella burnetii.

44
Q

Associated with pneumonia acquired from air conditioners.

A

Legionella pneumonphila.

45
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia in children 1-yo or younger.

A

RSV.

46
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia in neonate (birth to 28d).

A

E.coli or GBS.

47
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia in young adults (including college students, military recruits and prison inmates).

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

48
Q

Most common cause of viral pneumonia.

A

RSV.

49
Q

Causes a wool-sorters disease (a life-threatening pneumonia).

A

Bacillus anthraces.

50
Q

Common bacterial cause of COPD exacerbation.

A

Haemophilus influenzae.

51
Q

Common pneumonia in ventilator patients and those with cystic fibrosis.

A

Pseudomonas.

52
Q

Causes Pontiac fever.

A

Legionella pneumophila.

53
Q

An adolescent present with cough and rust colored sputum, what does the gram stain of the sputum show?

A

Strep pneumonia, Showing G(+) diplococci.

54
Q

What organism would you suspect of a septic arthritis in a 20 yo patient?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (sexually active).

55
Q

RFF: Most common etiology of bacterial meningitidis in neonates.

A

Group B Strep.

56
Q

RFF: Most common etiology of bacterial meningitidis in children.

A

S.pneumoniae, N.meningitidis.

57
Q

RFF: Most common etiology of bacterial meningitidis in adults.

A

S.pneumoniae.

58
Q

RFF: Osteomyelitis in an IV drug user.

A

S.aureus, Pseudomonas.

59
Q

RFF: Osteomyelitis in a sickle cell patient.

A

Salmonella.

60
Q

What normal flora bacteria do we find in skin?

A

Staph epidemidis.

DIT Microbiology (33 decks)

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