Micro 19 - Viral Basics Flashcards
Which types of viruses are part of the non-eveloped RNA virus?
Calicivirus, Picornavirus, Reovirus, Hepevirus.
What structural element does enveloped viruses have that noneveloped (naked) viruses do not have? Which is more resistant to the elements?
The enveloped virus has a lipid bilayer that is usually from the host’s cell bilayer. The naked virus does not have that, but is more resistant to the elements.
What are four important non-enveloped RNA virus Family?
Calicivirus, Picornavirus, Reovirus, Hepevirus.
What are four important non-enveloped DNA virus family?
Parvovirus, Adenovirus, Papillomavirus, Polyomavirus.
DNA virus usually replicate in the nucleus. However, where do pox virus family replicate?
In the cytoplasm.
Most of the RNA virus replicate in the cytoplasm, however which two viruses replicate in the nucleus?
Influenza virus and the retrovirus.
What is reassortment?
Non-classical recombination that occurs with virus with segmented genome, which only include RNA virus (That only infect humans); when two viruses are infecting the same cell, they can exchange genetic segments. This happens with the influenza virus.
What is viral recombination?
When two virus infect the same cell; this cohabitation allows genes to be exchange from two different chromosomes, making progeny that is only their parents. This usually occurs with DNA virus or RNA virus with a DNA phase like retrovirus.
What is Viral complementation?
When two viruses infect the same cell, but one of them has a mutation that leads to a non-functioning protein; in some cases the other virus might make the necessary protein so both can replicate. However, the progeny of the defective virus will still have that non-functioning virus therefore it’s only hope in the next cell that it infects is to infect it with that other virus.
What is Phenotypic mixing?
When two different virus infect the same cell, but when the progeny are created, they might receive surface protein from both virus that are infecting the same cell. However, the genetic material has not been mixed (not changed at all).
What is the virus ploidy?
Viruses are haploid; 1 copy of DNA or RNA. Except retroviruses that have2 copies of single stranded RNA (ssRNA).
Which virus has single stranded DNA?
Parvovirus.
Which three viruses have circular DNA?
Papillomavirus and Polymavirus have circular virus. Hepadnavirus has partially circular genome.
How is the genomic structure of most DNA virus?
Most DNA virus are double stranded DNA and have linear DNA.
How is the genomic structure of RNA viruses?
Most RNA viruses are single stranded RNA.
