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MET2 > Met Anatomy 2 > Flashcards

Met Anatomy 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the foregut and midgut? [1]

Which parasympathetic nerve innervates the hindgut? [1]

A

Parasympathetic:

Foregut and midgut: Vagus nerve
Hindgut: Pelvic splachnic nerve

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2
Q

Where is the pituitary gland housed? [1]

A

sella turcica

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3
Q

Which structures are found in the cavernous sinus? [6]

A

CN III
CN IV
CN V1 and V2
CN VI
ICA

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4
Q

Label A-H

A

A: ICA
B: Pit. gland
C: CN IV
D: CN III
E: CN V1 - opthalmic nerve
F: CN V2 - maxillary nerve
G: CNVI - abducens nerve

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5
Q

If a pituitary tumour presses on the central part of the optic chiasm, what visual effect occurs? [1]

A

bitemporal hemianopia

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6
Q

What is the name for where the main and accessory pancreatic ducts drain into the duodenum? [2 - two names]

What is the structure that surrounds ^? [1]

A

Ampulla of vater / pancreatoduodenal ampula

Sphincter of Oddi

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7
Q

Label the different pancreatic ducts

A
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8
Q

The ampulla of vater is formed of formation of which two ducts? [2]

A

Common bile duct [1]
Main pancreatic duct [1]

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9
Q

Which of the following is the splenic vein?

A
B
C
D
E

A

Which of the following is the splenic vein?

A
B
C
D
E

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10
Q

Which of the following is the inferior pancreatoduodenal vein?

A
B
C
D
E
F

A

Which of the following is the inferior pancreatoduodenal vein?

A
B
C
D
E
F

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11
Q

Which of the following is the superior pancreatoduodenal vein?

A
B
C
D
E
F

A

Which of the following is the superior pancreatoduodenal vein?

A
B
C
D
E
F

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12
Q

Which of the following is the portal vein?

A
B
C
D
E
F

A

Which of the following is the portal vein?

A
B
C
D
E
F

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13
Q

Which of the following is the inferior mesenteric vein?

A
B
C
D
E
F

A

Which of the following is the Which of the following is the inferior mesenteric vein?
vein?

A
B
C
D
E
F

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14
Q

Which of the following is the superior mesenteric vein?

A
B
C
D
E

A

Which of the following is the superior mesenteric vein?

A
B
C
D
E

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15
Q

Which structures make the porta hepatis? [3]

A
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16
Q

Pancreatic arterial supply?

A
17
Q

What structure does the bile duct pass through? [1]
Why is this clinically significant? [1]

A

Head of pancreas
If pancreas has cancer - blocks bile duct

18
Q

Which organ is associated with the head [1] and tail [1] of spleen?

A

Head: duodenum
Tail: spleen

19
Q

Label A-C

A

A: Coronary ligament
B: Falciform ligament
C: Ligamentum teres

20
Q

What are the lobes of the liver? [4]
Draw them x

A

Right lobe
Left lobe
Caudate lobe
Quadrate lobe

21
Q

What is the difference between cystic duct and bile duct?

A

The cystic duct connects the gallbladder (a small organ that stores bile) to the common bile duct

The common bile duct: passes through the pancreas before it empties into the first part of the small intestine (duodenum).

22
Q

Which embryological structure is the ligamentum teres a remnant of? [1]

A

Umbilical vein

23
Q

What are 3 sites of portal - systemic circulation anastomes? [3]

A

Oesophagael
Rectal
Umbilical

24
Q

What is a TIPS? [1]
Why would this process be used? [1]

A

What is a TIPS? [1]: transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
Why would this process be used? [1]: keep flow back to the heart whilst bypassing the liver

25
Q

Label A & B [2]

A

A: Isthmus
B: Parathyroid glands

26
Q

Describe the arterial supply to the thyroid [2]

And their sources [2]

A
  • The superior thyroid artery (STA) arising from the external carotid artery (ECA)
  • The inferior thyroid artery (ITA) branching from the thyrocervical trunk
27
Q

Describe venous drainage & route of the thyroid [5]

A

The thyroid gland is drained via the superior, middle, and inferior thyroid veins: form a venous plexus around the thyroid gland. [3]

Superior and middle veins drain into the internal jugular vein [1]
Inferior vein: empties into the brachiocephalic vein [1]

28
Q

The superior, middle and inferior thyroid veins are responsible for the venous drainage of the thyroid gland. Where does the inferior thyroid vein empty into?

External jugular vein

Internal jugular vein

Brachiocephalic vein

Facial vein

A

The superior, middle and inferior thyroid veins are responsible for the venous drainage of the thyroid gland. Where does the inferior thyroid vein empty into?

External jugular vein

Internal jugular vein

Brachiocephalic vein

Facial vein

29
Q

Which embryological remnant might explain a central neck lump which ascends on tongue protrusion?

Branchial cyst

Thyroid nodule

Cystic hygroma

Thyroglossal cyst

A

Which embryological remnant might explain a central neck lump which ascends on tongue protrusion?

Branchial cyst

Thyroid nodule

Cystic hygroma

Thyroglossal cyst
A thyroglossal cyst arises from a failure of the thyroglossal duct to regress during development. It typically presents as a midline lump in the anterior neck which rises on tongue protrusion

30
Q

During a thyroidectomy, the inferior thyroid artery is identified and ligated. Which vessel directly gives rise to the inferior thyroid artery?

External carotid artery
Thyrocervical trunk
Internal carotid artery
Aortic arch

A

During a thyroidectomy, the inferior thyroid artery is identified and ligated. Which vessel directly gives rise to the inferior thyroid artery?

External carotid artery
Thyrocervical trunk
Internal carotid artery
Aortic arch

31
Q

What supplies sympathetic [1] & parasympathetic [1] nervous supply to thryoid?

A

SNS: Cervical ganglion
PNS: Recurrent LN

32
Q

Describe the blood supply to the adrenal glands? [3] & sources? [3]

A

The adrenal glands have a rich blood supply via three main arteries:

Superior adrenal artery – arises from the inferior phrenic artery
Middle adrenal artery – arises from the abdominal aorta.
Inferior adrenal artery – arises from the renal arteries.

33
Q

Label A-E of different zones of the adrenal glands

A

A: cortex
B: zona glomerulosa
C: zona fasciculata
D: zona reticularis
E: medulla

34
Q

Which of the following produces and secretes androgens such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHES). It also secretes a small amount of corticosteroids.

A
B
C
D
E

A

Which of the following produces and secretes androgens such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHES). It also secretes a small amount of corticosteroids.

A
B
C
D: zona reticularis
E

35
Q

Which of the following produces and secretes androgens such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHES). It also secretes a small amount of corticosteroids.

A
B
C
D
E

A

Which of the following produces and secretes androgens such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHES). It also secretes a small amount of corticosteroids.

A
B
C
D
E

36
Q

Which of the following secrete adrenaline?
A
B
C
D
E

A

Which of the following secrete adrenaline?

A
B
C
D
E

37
Q

Which of the following secretes aldosterone?
A
B
C
D
E

A

Which of the following secretes aldosterone?

A
B: zona glomerulosa
C
D
E

38
Q

Which of the following secretes cortisol?
A
B
C
D
E

A

Which of the following secretes cortisol?

A
B
C : zona fasciculata
D
E

39
Q

Describe adrenal venous drainage [2]

A

Right and left adrenal veins drain the glands.
The right adrenal vein drains into the inferior vena cava
The left adrenal vein drains into the left renal vein.

MET2 (52 decks)

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