Meninges And Dural Venous Sinus Flashcards
DURA MATTER –aka _____
LEPTOMENINGES=____ +___
PACHYMENINX
arachnoid
pia
DURA
- At the foramen magnum, the endosteal layer of the dura matter ——-continuous with the—— of——-.
- Around margins of all—— of the——,it becomes continuous with the——-
does not become ; dura; spinal cord.
foramina; skull
periosteum on the outside of the skull.
Dura matter
dense or thin?
strong or weak?
fibrous or serous?
Dense
Strong
Fibrous
Dura matter has 2 layers
List them
And they are Closely united except along certain lines, where they separate to form——
Endosteal layer;Meningeal layer
venous sinuses.
MENINGEAL LAYER
- Infolds to give—— septae
List them
-the septaes restrict ——of brain associated with acceleration & deceleration, when——
4
- FALX CEREBRI
- TENTORIUM CEREBELLI
- FALX CEREBELLI
- DIAPHRAGMA SELLA
displacement ; head is moved
FALX CEREBRI
- aka the——
- Occupies the ——between——
- _____in its upper fixed margin.
- Inferior sagittal sinus in its——-
- ____sinus runs along its attachment to——
sickle
longitudinal fissure ; cerebral hemispheres.
Superior sagittal runs
lower concave free margin.
Straight; tentorium cerebelli.
Tentorium Cerebelli
- aka the——
- Covers the——- surface of——.
- Supports—— lobes of cerebral hemispheres.
- The opening accommodates the——-.
- ____passes thru the tentorial notch.
tent
superior; cerebellum
occipital
brainstem
Midbrain
Falx Cerebelli
- A small—— septum below the——.
- Partially separates———
midsagittal; tentorium
cerebellar hemispheres
Diaphragma Sella
-Roofs over the——- fossa.
•Perforated by the—— of the——
pituitary
infundibulum; pituitary
BLOOD SUPPLY of the meninges
———
———-
———-
MID. MENINGEAL
- ANT. MENINGEAL
- POST. MENINGEAL
ARACHNOID is a delicate network
T/F
T
ARACHNOID
- Separated from dura by a ——filled by a——
- Separated from pia by—— space, filled with——.
- Outer & inner surfaces covered with——- cells.
potential space – the subdural space; film of fluid.
subaracnoid; CSF; flattened mesothelial
In certain situations, arachnoid & pia widely separated to form___-
List them
——,——-,—— &—— sinuses.
cisternae
cisterna cerebellomedullaris
cisterna interpeduncularis
pontine; chiasmatic
In some areas, arachnoid matter project into____- and are called —— and are most numerous along ——sinus.
-Aggregations of it is called ——–
venous sinuses
Arachnoid villi
Superior sagittal
arachnoid granulations
PIA matter
soft or hard
thin or dense
delicate or tough
Soft
Thin
Delicate
List the 2 layers of the pia matter
Epipial
Intima pia
EPIPIAL layer of pia matter
-_____FIBERS; ABSENT ON———
COLLAGENOUS
CONVEXITY OF BRAIN
INTIMA PIA
-INNER MEMBRANOUS LAYER; MADE OF——- &——- FIBERS.
RETICULAR; ELASTIC
—— layer of the pia matter follows brain contour
Intima pia
Intima pia
Vascular of AVASCULAR?
AVASCULAR; PERIVASCULAR SPACE;
CEREBRAL VESSELS LIE ON SURFACE OF——- WITHIN—— SPACE
INTIMA pia; SUBARACHNOID
Which meninges are vascular?
Pia matter
INTRACRANIAL VENOUS SINUSES
- The dural venous sinuses situated b/w———
- Receive blood from brain thru——
- Receive CSF from——- space thru——
- Sinuses draining superiorly & posteriorly converge near the ———to form the——
- Lined by—-.
- Walls are —— but——-.
- Emissary veins connect sinuses with——
the layers of dural mater.
cerebral veins.
subarachnoid; arachnoid villi.
internal occipital protruberance ; confluence of sinuses.
endothelium
thick; lack muscular tissue
diploic veins & veins of scalp
DURAL venous sinuse have few valves
T/F
F. No valves.
DURAL VENOUS SINUSES
List 9😬
- Superior sagittal sinus
- Inferior sagittal sinus
- Straight sinus
- Transverse sinus
- Sigmoid sinus
- Occipital sinus
- Cavernous sinus
- Superior petrosal sinus
- Inferior petrosal sinus
Subdural hemorrhage- results from tearing of ——-veins where they enter the——.
Epidural/Extradural hemorrhage- from injuries to—— .___ division of it is commonly damaged.
superior cerebral ; SSS
meningeal arteries and veins.
Anterior
Which is more common.
Subdural hemorrhage or middle meningeal bleeding.?
Subdural hemorrhage
Subarachnoid hemorrhage- usually results from rupture of—— on——
congenital aneurysm
circle of Willis
VENRICULAR SYSTEM -cavities inside the Brain containing —-
- lateral ventricles in——
- 3rd ventricle in ——-
- 4th ventricle in——-
CSF
cerebral hemispheres
diencephalon
rhombocephalon
Lateral Ventricle
-One in each cerebral hemisphere that are Linked by ——-of——.
Essentially has a—— part & 3 extensions-horns:——-
interventricular foramen ; Munro
central; Anterior horn;Posterior horn;Inferior horn
ANTERIOR HORN OF LAT. VENTRICLE -___to interventricular foramen.
- Extends to____ lobe.
- Roof & rostral wall formed by—-
- Medial wall is the——
- Lateral wall formed by—- of——
Rostral; frontal
c/callosum.
septum pellucidum
head; caudate nucleus.
CENTAL PART OF LATERAL VENTRCLE
- ___ shape in cross-section.
- Roof—— of——-
- Medial wall-___,____
- Floor -_____,_____, —— ——alis,—- vein.
Triangular
Trunk; corpus callosum.
Septum pellucidum; body of fornix
Superior surface of thalamus
caudate nucleus; striae termin; thalamostriate
Inferior HORNOF LAT. VENTRICLE
- RUNS FORWARDS & DOWNWARDS INTO____ LOBE
- Has a roof & floor
- ROOF- Inf surface of tapetum of____ & tail of____
- FLOOR- Laterally by——/ & medially by____
TEMPORAL
corpus callosum; caudate nucleus.
collateral eminence ;hippocampus
Functions of CSF
——-
——-
-Metabolic exchange of——- &——-.
Buoyancy
Protection
nutrition
excretion
Production of CSF
Formed mainly in the ___of the lateral, 3rd & 4th ventricles
-some from—— cells & brain substance thru ——spaces.
choroid plexuses
ependyma; perivascular
—% of CSF is produced by choroid plexus
-___% thru metabolism;___% by capillaries.
70
12
18
In adults, the total volume of CSF in all the spaces combined is normally about—— mL.
But about—- to—- mL of CSF is produced and reabsorbed daily
150
400; 500
CSF From lateral ventricles into—— thru———
- Goes into—— thru——
- Then CSF escapes thru the median aperture (——) & lateral foramina of the lateral recesses of the 4th ventricle (——-) & enters the——
3rd ventricle; interventricular foramina of Munro.
4th ventricle; cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius.
foramen of Magendie; foramina of Luschka
subarachnoid space.
Fluid from subarachnoid space moves thru——
- then Flows upwards thru the ——-of tentorium cerebelli to get to the—— surface of the——.
- Then to—— aspect of the cerebral hemispheres & subarachnoid space surrounding the——
- The main sites for absorption of CSF are the——-
cerebellomedullary & pontine cisterns
tentorial notch ; inferior; cerebrum
lateral; spinal cord.
arachnoid villi
Papilloedema.:—— swelling that is secondary to——-.
optic disc; elevated intracranial pressure
Lumbar puncure.: aka——
spinal tap
Cisternal puncture:—— puncture can be performed in order to collect a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for analysis, or rarely to——
suboccipital
relieve increased intracranial pressure.
In acute papilledema, vision is well preserved
T/F
T
Hydocephalus.: is the ————within the brain
build-up of fluid in the cavities deep
Queckenstedt’s sign.: test formerly used to diagnose———, in which a lumbar puncture is performed and the ——-measured, followed by manual compression of both—- ,causing a rise in intracranial pressure.
lumbar spinal stenosis; opening pressure
jugular veins
Ependymomas.: Ependymomas are——- tumors that grow in your—- or———, including your neck and upper and lower back. They form at first in your—— cells in the ——-and in the—— of the brain
cancerous
brain
any part of the spine
ependymal
middle of your spinal cord
ventricles
BBB and drugs.: BBB prevents —-The presence of the BBB makes difficult the——-
entry into the brain of most drugs from the blood.
development of new treatments of brain diseases, or new radiopharmaceuticals for neuroimaging of brain
BBB in newborn.: Since the blood-brain barrier is——- at birth, the risk of toxicity from exposure to some chemicals is——- than it is for——.
not fully developed
higher for newborns and young children
adults
4TH VENTRICLE
Broad or narrow?
shallow or deep?
___-shaped cavity with multiple recesses
-overlying the—- and——-.
Broad; shallow
rhomboid
pons; medulla
4TH VENTRICLE
Roof -
Floor-
Cerebellum
Rhomboid fossa
4th ventricle
1 lateral recess on each side over the——- to open into the——— cistern.
-Foramina of—— in lateral recesses & a small opening, the foramen of—— in the median plane of the caudal region of the ventricle.
inferior cerebellar peduncle; cerebellomedullary (magna)
Luschka
Magendie
RHOMBOID FOSSA
- DIVISIBLE INTO 2—- shaped PARTS
- INTERMEDIATE PORTION MARKED By TRANSVERSELY RUNNING FIBERS called ——
- DIVIDED INTO RT & LT BY THE——
TRIANGULAR
STRIAE MEDULLARES
MEDIAN SULCUS
3RD VENTRICLE -Situated in the median plane b/w the——-. -Anterior wall -\_\_\_\_\_- thin sheet of gray matter. -\_\_\_\_\_commissure. -Anterior columns of——. Posterior wall -Opening into—- -\_\_\_\_commissure. -\_\_\_\_recess &\_\_\_ body. -\_\_\_\_commissure.
2 thalami
Lamina terminalis; Anterior; fornix
cerebral aqueduct; Posterior
Pineal; pineal
Habenular
3rd Ventricle
Lateral wall -\_\_\_surfaces of——- -\_\_\_\_surfaces of——- Roof -;\_\_\_\_;——-;——- Floor -\_\_\_\_\_
Medial; thalamus
Medial; hypothalamus
Choroids plexus; Fornix; Corpus callosum
Optic chiasma
Endo steal layer of dura matter is continuous with sutural ligaments
T/F
T
Endo steal layer of dura matter provides tubular sheath for cranial nerves
T/F
F
Dura matter is inneervated by ?
Trigeminal nerve Facial Vagus 1-5 cervical nerves Parasympathetic nerves
T F T F F
Tentoroum cerebelli is attached to :
Crista galli Anterior clinoid process Tentorial notch Superior border of Petrous bones Margins of the grooves for the transverse sinuses
F T F T T
Subarachnoid space:
Avascular
Continues to S1
T/F
T
T
Obstruction of CSF leads to hydrocephalus
T/F
F
Froin’s syndrome is xterized by ___ discoloration of CSF
Yellow
Communicating hydrocephalus occurs when the stuff occurs in the ventricles
T/F
F
