Memory- Models of Memory Flashcards
What does the multi-store model propose that memory consists of?
A sensory register, a short-term store and a long-term store
How does information become a memory according to the multi-store model?
It moves through all three stores
What information initially goes through our sensory register?
Information from our environment, don’t really notice it but if you pay attention to it or think about it then the information will pass into short-term memory
What capacity and duration does short-term memory have?
Finite
How can information be transferred to long-term memory?
If information is processed further/rehearsed
How long will information remain in long-term memory?
Theoretically forever
What is the primary effect to support the multi-store model?
- Participants are able to recall the first few items of a list better than those from the middle
- Earlier items will have been rehearsed better and transferred to LTM
- Effect disappears if rehearsal is prevented by an interference task
What is the recency effect to support the multi-store model?
- Participants tend to remember last few items better than those from the middle of list
- STM has a capacity of around 7 items so if words from middle of the list are not rehearsed, they are displaced from STM by the last few words heard
- Last words are still in STM at end of experiment and can be recalled
Who developed the working memory model?
Baddeley and Hitch
What did the working memory model propose?
STM is an active processor which contains several different stores
What is the capacity of the central executive?
Limited capacity
What is the role of the central executive?
Controls ‘slave’ systems
What information does the phonological loop hold?
Speech-based information
What makes up the phonological loop?
Phonological store (inner ear) and articulatory process (inner voice, rehearses information by repeating it)
What information does the visuo-spatial sketchpad?
Temporary storage of visual and spatial information
