Gender- Cognitive Explanations of Gender Flashcards
Who first proposed cognitive developmental theory?
Piaget
What does cognitive developmental theory suggest?
That children’s thoughts and views on the world change as they develop
What did Piaget propose?
Children pass through several stages of development as they mature
What do cognitive explanations of gender propose?
That children develop their idea of gender over time as their cognitive abilities and understanding of the world improve
What are the three stages of Kohlberg’s theory?
Gender identity, gender stability, gender constancy
What is the gender identity stage?
- Child becomes aware that they’re male or female
- Begins to categorise other people as male or female
- Judge gender on superficial characteristics
- Stage usually occurs between ages of 2 and 3
What is the gender stability stage?
- Child realises gender will remain fixed over time
- May think that gender can change in different situations
- Stage usually occurs between ages of 4 and 6
What is the gender constancy stage?
- Child becomes aware that gender remains fixed in different situations
- Internalises gender and realise it’s permanent
- Begin to develop gender role by looking at role models of gender
- Usually occurs around age 7
What is Martin and Halverson’s gender schema theory?
Combines cognitive developmental theory and social learning theory to suggest how gender stereotyping helps children learn what is and what isn’t appropriate for their gender
What does gender schema theory propose?
That children have developed a basic gender theory by the age of 3 and also have gender schema with ideas about gender appropriate behaviour
How does a child learn gender appropriate behaviour?
Through observation
What are in-group activities objects and behaviours?
Those associated with their own sex
What are out-group activities objects and behaviours?
Those associated with the opposite sex
