Memory

Question 1

Levels of memory processing approach

Answer 1

differences in memory are not d/t to diff stores or stagesbut to diff levels of processing:

1) physical
2) acoustic
3) semantic - deepest level and leads to best retention

Question 2

Metamemory and metacognition

Answer 2

metamemory - knowledge about one’s own memory processes and how to learn- aspect of metacognition

Question 3

Information Processing Model

Answer 3

Multi store model

encoding, storage, retrieval involves 3 separate but interacting stages

1) sensory memory (sensory trigger) (iconic for visual vs echoic for auditory) - capable of storing a great deal of info but only for 2 sec
2) STM/working memory - transferred there when it becomes focus of attn - holds limited info, without rehearsal - fades in 30 sec.; primarily auditory (7+/2)
3) LTM (recent v remote) - process not well understood but likely d/t rehearsal. elaborative rehearsal - relating new to old info is most effective. No limit to LTM

Question 4

Procedural and Declarative Memory

Answer 4

LTM

procedural - implicit, mediated by basal ganglia and cerebellulm) stores info about how to do things

Declarative - explicit - mediated by hippocampus and frontal lobe - mediates acquisition of facts (semantic and episodic)

Question 5

Prospective memory

Answer 5

aspect of LTM that is responsible for ability to remember to remember (remember a future appt)

Question 6

Cue Dependent Forgetting

Answer 6

cues that are needed to retrieve info from LTM are insufficient or incomplete (tip of the tongue)

Question 7

Inference theory

Answer 7

inability to learn or recall info is d/t disrupting effects of previously or subsequently learned info

proactive interference
retroactive interference

Question 8

Trace Decay Theory

Answer 8

loss of memory is due to gradual decay of memory traces over time as result of disuse

doesnt work with alcoholics

Question 9

Mneumonics/Method of Locu/Keyword Method

Answer 9

memory strategies that rely on imagery, organization and othe rtechniques

method of locu - imagery - place items in familiar places- walk thru location and retrieve

keyword method - useful for paired associate tasks in which 2 words must be linked (buy a bell and meat powder - picture cow ringing a bell)