Memory Flashcards
Sensory Memory
very short, few seconds
Working Memory
- short term memory
- can hold 7 +/- 2 pieces of info
- chunking
Primacy effect
remember beginning better (rehearsal [repeating])
Recency effect
remember ending better
General vs. Episodic
General: 1+1=2 (general facts)
Episodic: story/episode (like a TV episode)
Semantic Memory
- encode meaning of words -> vocab
- remembering simple facts
Declarative vs. Procedural
Declarative: facts you can declare and talk about (Ex: 1+1=2; Abe was the 16th)
Procedural: “muscle memory” (Ex: riding a bike)
Explicit vs. Implicit
(Memory)
Explicit: “central meaning” (Ex: 1+1=2) stuff you’re consciously aware of
Implicit: “unconscious/peripheral memory” (peripheral path)
Retrieval
(Memory)
1) Tip of the tongue phenomena
2) More retrieval paths -> better retrieval
3) Elaborative rehearsal -> attach memory to something
4) Deep -> better, more meaning
Shallow -> less meaning
5) Spreading activation
6) Schemas
Korsakoff’s Syndrome
- memory disorder
- caused by vitamin B/thiamine deficiency
- associated with alcoholism
Retrograde vs. Anterograde Amnesia
Retrograde Amnesia: forget the past (retro=past)
Anterograde Amnesia: inability to encode new memories
Confabulation
brain created it out of nowhere that you genuinely believe but never happened
Flashbulb Memory
- very vivid/detailed memories
- related to emotion
Source Monitoring
- recall information/experience but attribute memory to the wrong source
Ex: eyewitness testimony, childhood amnesia
Semantic Network
- concepts are organized in mind as connected ideas
- spreading activation: activate one idea/concept/memory -> activate related concepts