MEH: Nutrition, Diet And Body Weight Flashcards
List the 7 essential components of the diet.
- Carbohydrates
- Protein
- Fat
- Minerals
- Vitamins
- Water
- Fibre
What 3 components make up daily expenditure?
- Basel metabolic rate (BMR)
- Diet-Induced Thermogenesis (DIT)
- Physical activity level (PAL)
What is the sum of BMI?
Just remember by units! Kg/M^2
Therefore it’s weight in Kg divided by hight in metres squared
What range of BMI would suggest a patient is underweight?
<18.5
What range of BMI would suggest a patient is a desirable weight?
18.5-24.9
What range of BMI would suggest a patient is overweight?
25-29.9
What range of BMI would suggest a patient is obese?
30-34.9
What range of BMI would suggest a patient is severely obese?
> 35
Why can low protein intake result in Oedema?
It can result in insufficient blood protein being synthesised leading to a decrease in plasma oncotic pressure. Hence there is a greater net flow of fluid into the interstitial space (oedema)
Define a catabolic process.
Break down of molecules to release energy in the form of reducing power
Define an anabolic process.
Requires energy and raw materials to make larger molecules for growth and maintenance.
Can ATP be stored?
No, instead we store molecules which can produce ATP I.e. Fat and glycogen
What is the official SI unit of food energy?
Kilojoule (KJ)
What is an essential amino acid?
Can not be synthesised, must be obtained from the diet.
How many essential amino acids are there? Name them.
9
If Learned, This Huge List May Prove Truly Valuable.
Isoleucine, Lysine, Threonine, Histidine, Leucine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Trytophan, Valine.
What is protein of animal origin also known as?
High quality as they are not deficient in any amino acids
Why does fat would more energy when oxidised?
Less oxygen so it is therefore more reduced so yields more energy when oxidised.
Name 2 essential fatty acids.
Linoleic and linolenic
Why can humans not extract energy from cellulose?
Humans do not produce the required enzymes to break the beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds
What molecule supplies the initial energy for processes?
Creatine Phosphate
