I: Introduction To Microbes

Question 1

Name the key features of a bacteria.

Answer 1

• Capsule
• Cell wall
• Plasma membrane
• Plasmid
• Circular DNA

Question 2

Name the key features of a virus.

Answer 2

• Envelope
• Nucleic acid genetic code (can be DNA or RNA)
• ## Protein coat

Question 3

How are bacteria classified?

Answer 3

• Shape: Coccus (plural cocci) or bacillus (plural bacilli)

- Arrangement of cocci: clusters or chains

Question 4

Put the following in order of size (smallest to largest) Bacteria, fungi, virus, parasites.

Answer 4

• Virus
• Bacteria
• Fungi
• Parasites

Question 5

What are prions?

Answer 5

Proteins which are able to generate copies of themselves and spread from person to person causing disease.

Question 6

The presence of the capsule on a bacteria enables what protective phenomenon?

Answer 6

Virulence factor.

Question 7

What colour does gram positive stain?

Answer 7

Purple

Question 8

What colour does gram negative stain?

Answer 8

Pink/red

Question 9

What causes bacteria to stain during gram staining?

Answer 9

presence of peptidaglycan

Question 10

What is the name given to an organism that can survive in the presence of oxygen?

Answer 10

Aerobe

Question 11

What is the name given to an organism that can’t survive in the presence of oxygen?

Answer 11

Anaerobe

Question 12

How are bacteria, fungi and parasites named?

Answer 12

Genus then species

Question 13

What are the 2 subcategories of fungi?

Answer 13

• Yeast (single celled)

- Molds (multi cellular)

Question 14

What are the 2 subcategories of parasites?

Answer 14

• Protozoa (singled celled)

- Helminths (worms, multi cellular)

Question 15

What is a bacteriophage?

Answer 15

a virus which parasitises a bacterium by infecting it and reproducing inside it.