MEH: Haemopoiesis, Erythropoiesis and Iron Flashcards
Explain the role of the red blood cell.
- Carry haemoglobin
- Maintain haemoglobin in its reduced (ferrous) state
- Generate ATP
- Maintain osmotic equilibrium
Explain the term anaemia.
A condition in which there is a deficiency of red cells or of haemoglobin in the blood, resulting in pallor and weariness.
Explain the significance of the reticulocyte count.
It is recommend by NICE as the new measurement for testing iron deficiency.
(NOTE: the other test, ferritin, is an acute phase protein so is increased with chronic inflammation)
What cells can be produced from a common myeloid progenitor.
- Megakaryocyte
- Erythrocyte
- Myeloblast (Which then can differentiate into monocytes, basophils, neuthrophil, eosinophil)
What is the reticuloendothelial system?
A network in blood and tissues which is part of the immune system containing phagocytic cells. (e.g. monocytes, macrophages, kupffer cells, histiocytes, microglial cells)
What cells can be produced from a common lymphoid progenitor.
B and T lymphocytes
What are the functions of globin chains in haemoglobin?
- Protect haem molecule from oxidation
- Confer solubility
- Permits variation in oxygen affinity
What does the catabolism of haemoglobin result in?
jaundice- due to an excess of bilirubin formation
Explain the control of erythropoiesis when oxygen levels are low.
- Reduced oxygen is detected by kidneys
- This causes more erythropoietin to be produced
- This stimulates the maturation and release of red cells from the bone marrow
- Haemoglobin rises
What are the 2 types of red cell metabolism.
- Glycolysis
2. Pentose Phospate Pathway
Name some types of available iron.
- Haemoglobin
- Myoglobin
- Tissue iron
- Transported iron
Name some types of stored iron.
- Ferritin
- Haemosiderin
What is mean by heam iron?
- From meat
- Ferrous form
What is mean by non-heam iron?
- From pulses and nuts
- Ferric form
What receptor exports iron out of the cell?
Ferroportin
