MEH: Energy Reactions In Cells Flashcards
Define cell metabolism.
The set of process which derive energy and raw materials from food in small chemical steps.
What are the functions of metabolism?
- Repair
- Growth
- Activity of the tissues of the body
Describe the relationship between catabolism and anabolism.
Catabolism involves the breakdown of molecules to release energy. (Oxidative) This energy is then used, alongside raw materials, to synthesise different, larger molecules for use by the body. (Reductive)
Why do cells need a continuous supply of energy?
Mainly to maintains ion pumps and the force cellular gradients. Required for many reactions.
What is the role of H-carrier molecules?
The main role of these is to transport hydrogen atom to electron transport chain one a molecule has been oxidised, which will change ADP to ATP by adding one phosphate.
Explain the role of redox reactions.
Either releasing (oxidation) or storage (reduction) of energy.
What is meant by a high energy signal?
When [ATP] is high, anabolic pathways are activated.
What is meant by a low energy signal?
When [ATP] is low, catabolic pathways are activated.
ATP cannot be stored. What molecule is present in skeletal muscle as a reserve of high energy stores that can be used immediately instead?
Creatine phosphate
Name 2 molecules which are considered to have reducing power.
NADH
NADPH
How is reducing power converted into energy currency (ATP)?
Oxidative phosphorylation
What part of an ATP molecule is cleaved in order to release energy?
Hydrolysis of phosphate group
