Medicam bronhodil Flashcards

1
Q

Tipuri

A

-beta 2 adrenomimetice
-anticolinergice
-metilxantine

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2
Q

Beta 2 adrenomimetice-mecan act

A

-act pe recet in serpentine cuplati cu prot G
-activeaza prot Gs si det

1.formare AC,cAMP,proteinkinaza A
-inh IP3,scade Ca intracel
-desch canale de K dep de Ca,hiperpol mb

2.cuplare cu prot Gi prin proteinkinaza A ,se det fosforilare port intracitoplasmatica a recep si desensibilizarea lui

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3
Q

Indicatii la beta2 adrenomimetice

A

-crize astm,exacerbari BPOC-cu dur scurta de act

-cu dur lunga de act
-astm de fond cu glucocort inh
-BPOC de fond cu anticolinergice sau glucocort inh

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4
Q

Beta2 adrenomimetice-ef adv

A

-tahicardie,palpitatii,aritmii(sistemic)
-tremor musc
-ef tocolitic(relax uter)
-hipoK
-toleranta(scade daca util si glucocort )
-bronhospasm paradoxal-cu alte ef sistemice la un flacon nou
-lipsa control astm si moarte subita-folosire cele cu act lunga ca monoter in utilizare continua

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5
Q

Salbutamol

A

-cu dur scurta
-Ventolin
-hidrofil
-se da inh
-se poate da subcutanat in crize
-la dozele uzuale nu da ef adv CV
-+bromura de ipratropiu(COMBIVENT)

Criza astm
-2 pufuri la nevoie cu 3-5 min intre ele
-4-10 pufuri in prima ora apoi 4-10 pufuri la 3-4h interval

Exacerbari severe de astm/BPOC-nebulizare

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6
Q

Beta 2 adenomimetice cu dur scurta de act

A

Salbutamol
Levsalbutamol
Fenoterol
Terbutalina
Pirbuterol

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7
Q

Salmeterol xinafoat

A

-lipofil
-se adm doar cu glucocort inh pt ca singur nu are ef antiinfl

SERETIDE-salmeterol cu fluticazona(1 puff la 12h)

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8
Q

Formoterol

A

-dur lunga de act
-nu e asa lipofil ca salmeterol
-ef rapid(3-10 min) cu dur lunga de act(10-12 h)
-se adm in combinatie cu glucocort inh
-se poate da si in criza in combinatie cu glucocort/M colinolitice(are si ef rapid)-teoria SMART-1 puff la 12 h si 1 puff la nevoie fara a depasi 12 puffuri pe zi
SYMBICORT-formoterol cu budesonide
FLUTIFORM-+fluticazona
FOSTER-+beclometazona
DUAKLIR GENUAIR-+bromura de aclidinium

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9
Q

Beta 2 adreno cu dur lunga

A

Salmeterol
Formoterol

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10
Q

Beta 2 adreno cu dur f lunga

A

INDACATEROL(BPOC fond)
OLODANTEROL(BPOC fond)
VILANTEROL(astm/BPOC fond cu fluticazona)

-se pot da si in monoter si cu glucocort inh
-nu produc tahifilaxie

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11
Q

Teofilina-compus solubil

A

+etilendiamina->aminofilina

-pt ca teofilina e putin solubila in H20

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12
Q

Teofilina mec act

A

-inh fosfodiesteraze 3,4,5 cu ef bronhodil,pe 4 e si ef antiinfl(previne degradare mastocite), dar aceste ef nu apar suficient la doze terapeutice

-bloc recep pt adenozina-A3 pt bronhodil,A2B antiinfl(impiedica degradare mastocite)

-activare histon-deacerilaze nucleare ->accentueaza ef antiinfl glucocort

-det form de citokine IL 10-rol antiinfl

-apoptoza eozinofile,neutrofile,limfocite T(prinh inh fosfodiesterazei si a adenozinei)

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13
Q

Teofilina farmacocinetica

A

-ef adv si la doze terapeutice
-trece prin placenta,ajunge si in lapte matern

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14
Q

Teofilina indicatii

A

-astm fond oral(treapta 3 cu glucocort inh,sau la combinatia beta 2 aginista cu glucocort )

-astm criza-se dau iv daca avem contraindic la beta 2 agonisti(NU SE DAU CU BETA2 AGONISTI INH-RISC DE MOARTE)!!!!

-BPOC-fond oral cu beta 2 agonisti dur lunga sau iv in exacerbari(rar)

-apnee la prematuri

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15
Q

Teofilina efecte extrapulm

A

-inotrop poz
-cronotrop poz
-diuretic moderat
-venodil
-stimuleaza SNC in special centri resp bulbari
-scade oboseala diafragm

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16
Q

Metilxantine -exemple

A

Teofilina(TEOTARD)
Aminofilina(MIOFILIN)-iv la exacerbari si la apnee prematuri
Doxofilina-compus nou cu selectivitate pe recep adenozinici A3

17
Q

Teofilina-R adv

A

Cardio
-palpitatii,tahicardie,aritmii
-agraveaza cardiopat isch,dur anginoase,risc moarte

Gastro-int
-anorexie,greata,vars
-favorizeaza aparitie BRGE

SNC
-probl atentie,memorie,cefalee,nervozitate
-convulsii ce nu rasp la trat conventional

Diureza crescuta

18
Q

Teofilina -contraindic

A

-epilepsie
-cardiopat isch,IMA,HTA
-prudenta la varstnici,nou-nascuti

19
Q

Anticolinergice

A

-bloc recep M3 ->bronhodil
-br de ipratropium act pe M1-M3-bronhospasm pradoxal(de aceea comp noi au selectivitate pe M3)

Ef
-bronhodil
-scad secr exocrine

Indicatii
-BPOC-prima intentie
-astm-linie 4-5 fond(cei cu simpt nocturne sau cu astm indus de efort),exacerbari ca la BPOC
-rinita alergica,vasomotorie,acuta inf(scad secr)

20
Q

Anticolinergice ef adv

A

-bronhospasm paradoxal
-hiperreactivit bronsica la oprire trat
-uscaciune gura,gust metalic(br de ipratropiu)

21
Q

Bromura de ipratropiu

A

-inh de 4 ori pe zi,fara a depasi 12 puffuri in 24 h
-spray nazal in rinite
-colir in conjunctivite

22
Q

Br de tiotropiu

A

-SPIRIVA
-electie in BPOC
-uscaciune gura
-+OLODATEROL(SPIOLTO)

23
Q

Anticolinergice exemple

A

Bromura de
-ipratropiu(dur scurta de act)
- tiotropiu(dur lunga)
-oxitropiu(dur lunga)
-glicopironiu(dur lunga)
-aclidiniu(dur lunga)