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Fall Semester 2017 > Medical Terminology Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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2
Q

ather/o

A

fatty substance

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3
Q

coron/o

A

heart

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4
Q

corpor/o

A

body

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5
Q

embol/o

A

plug

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6
Q

isch/o

A

to hold back

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7
Q

myocardi/o

A

heart muscle

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8
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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9
Q

sept/o

A

wall

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10
Q

son/o

A

sound

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11
Q

sphygym/o

A

pulse

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12
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

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13
Q

varic/o

A

dilated vein

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14
Q

vas/o

A

vessle

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15
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle

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16
Q

-tonic

A

pertaining to tone

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17
Q

cardiovascular system is also called what?

A

circulatory system

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18
Q

What is the CV system composed of?

A

heart, blood vessels (arteries, capillaries, veins)

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19
Q

circulatory system is composed of what two parts?

A

pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation

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20
Q

Pulmonary circulation does what?

A

It is between the heart and lungs. It transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs to get oxygen and then back to the heart.

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21
Q

Systemic circulation does what?

A

Carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues and cells, and then back to the heart.

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22
Q

How many chambers does the heart have?

A

four

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23
Q

How many layers does the heart have?

A

Three

  1. endocardium (inner layer of the heart lining, very smooth, thin layer, serves to reduce friction)
  2. myocardium (thick, muscular layer, develops the pressure required to pump blood through the blood vessels)
  3. epicardium (outer layer. It is the visceral pericardium and the outer layer is the parietal pericardium)
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24
Q

Heart chambers…

A

two atria (upper) and two ventricles (lower). These chambers are divided into right & left sides by the interatrial septum and the interventricular septum

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25
Q

Are the ventricles the pumping chambers?

A

True

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26
Q

How many valves are in the heart?

A

Four valves

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27
Q

What do the valves do?

A

as restraining gates to control the direction of blood flow

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28
Q

Name the four valves.

A

Tricuspid valve; pulmonary valve; mitral valve; aortic valve

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29
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

an atrioventricular valve (AV). It controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle. The valve has three leaflets or cusps

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30
Q

pulmonary valve

A

a semilunar valve. looks like a half moon. located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. It prevents blood that has been ejected into the pulmonary artery from returning to the right ventricle as it relaxes.

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31
Q

mitral valve

A

also called bicuspid valve. two cusps. atrioventricular valve to the left ventricle and cannot go back up into the left atrium

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32
Q

aortic valve

A

semilunar valve; located between the left ventricle and the aorta. Blood leaves the left ventricle through this valve and cannot return to the left ventricle

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33
Q

Shortened version of blood flow

A

through the heart to the lungs where it receives oxygen; then goes back to the heart; and then out to the body tissue and parts

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34
Q

diastole

A

relaxed

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35
Q

systole

A

contraction phase

36
Q

How is the heart rate regulated?

A

autonomic nervous system

37
Q

what are arteries?

A

large, thick walled vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart

38
Q

what is the largest artery?

39
Q

what are arterioles?

A

the smallest of the arteries

40
Q

what are capillaries?

A

a network of tiny blood vessels referred to as a capillary bed. They are very thin walled, allowing for the diffusion of the oxygen and nutrients from the blood into the body tissues. Blood does not flow quickly in them

41
Q

what are veins?

A

they carry blood back to the heart. thinner walls than arteries, causing them to collapse easily. They also have valves that allow the blood to move only TOWARD the heart.

42
Q

blood pressure

A

measurement of force exerted by blood against the wall of a blood vessel

43
Q

cardiology

A

study of the heart

44
Q

sinoatrial node

A

origination of the impulse for the heartbeat

45
Q

apex

A

the pointed tip of the heart

46
Q

angiitis

A

inflammation of a vessel

47
Q

angiospasm

A

involuntary muscle contraction

48
Q

embolus

A

obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot that has broken off from a thrombus somewhere else in the body and traveled to the point of obstruction

49
Q

regurgitation

A

to flow backward

50
Q

cardiac arrest

A

complete stopping of heart activity

51
Q

aneurysm

A

weakness in the wall of an artery resulting in localized widening of the artery.

52
Q

arteriorrhexis

A

a ruptured artery

53
Q

coarctation of the aorta

A

severe congenital narrowing of the aorta

54
Q

deep vein thrombosis

A

formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the legs.

55
Q

ausculation

A

process of listening to the sounds within the body by using a stethoscope

56
Q

cardiac enzymes

A

blood test to determine the level of enzymes specific to the heart muscles in the blood.

57
Q

serum lipoprotein level

A

blood test to measure the amount of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.

58
Q

angiogram

A

x-ray record of a vessel taken during angiography

59
Q

angiography

A

x-rays taken after the injection of an opaque material into a blood vessel

60
Q

holter monitor

A

portable EKG monitor worn by a patient for a period of a few hours to a few days to assess the heart and pulse activity

61
Q

extracorporeal circulation

A

during open-heart surgery, the routing of blood to a heart-lung machine so it can be oxygenated and pumped to the rest of the body.

62
Q

implantable cardioverter-defibrilator

A

device implanted in the heart that delivers an electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm.

63
Q

thrombolytic therapy

A

process in which drugs are injected into a blood vessel to dissolve clots and restore blood flow.

64
Q

arterial anastomosis

A

surgical joining together of two arteries

65
Q

aneurysmectomy

A

surgical removal of the sac of an aneurysm

66
Q

atherectomy

A

surgical procedure to remove a deposit of fatty substance from an artery

67
Q

ebloectomy

A

removal of an embolus or clot from a blood vessel

68
Q

endarterectomy

A

removal of the diseased or damaged inner lining of an artery

69
Q

intracoronary artery stent

A

placement of a stent within a coronary artery to treat coronary ischemia due to atherosclerosis

70
Q

ligation and stripping

A

surgical treatment of varicose veins

71
Q

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

A

PTCA
method for treating localized coronary artery narrowing. A balloon catheter is inserted through the skin into the coronary artery and inflated to dilate the narrow blood vessel.

72
Q

valvoplasty

A

surgical procedure to repair a heart valve

73
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

disease of the heart muscle

74
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of the heart

75
Q

angiostenosis

A

vessel narrowing

76
Q

angiitis

A

vessel inflammation

77
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of an artery

78
Q

arteriole

A

small artery

79
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

80
Q

epicarditis

A

inflammation of the outer layer of the heart

81
Q

myocarditis

A

inflammation of the muscle of the heart

82
Q

venous

A

pertaining to a vein

83
Q

venogram

A

record of a vein

84
Q

infarct

A

tissue death in organ or part of following loss of blood supply

85
Q

hemorrhoid

A

varicose veins in anal area

86
Q

murmur

A

abnormal heart sound

Fall Semester 2017 (26 decks)

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