Medical Terminology Chapter 1 Flashcards
word root
foundation of the word
prefix
beginning of the word
suffix
end of the word
combining vowel
a vowel (usually o) that links the word root to another word root or a suffix
bi/o
life
biology-study of life
carcin/o
cancer
carcinoma - cancerous tumor
cardi/o
heart
cardiac - pertaining to the heart
chem/o
chemical
chemotherapy-treatment with chemicals
cis/o
to cut
incision-process of cutting into
dermat/o
skin
dermatology-study of the skin
enter/o
small intestine
enteric-pertaining to the small intestine
gastr/o
stomach
gastric-pertaining to the stomach
gynec/o
female
gynecology-study of females
hemat/o
blood
hematic-pertaining to the blood
immun/o
immunity
immunology-study of immunity
laryng/o
larynx
laryngeal-pertaining to the voice box
nephr/o
kidney
nephromegaly-enlarged kidney
neur/o
nerve
neural-pertaining to the nerve
ophthalm/o
eye
ophthalmic-pertaining to the eye
ot/o
ear
otic-pertaining to the ear
path/o
disease
pathology-study of disease
pulmon/o
lung
pulmonary-pertaining to the lungs
rhin/o
nose
rhinoplasty-surgical repair of the nose
a-
without
aphasia-without speech
an-
without
anoxia-without oxygen
anti-
against
antibiotic-against life
auto-
self
autograft-a graft from one’s own body
brady-
slow
bradycardia-slow heartbeat
de-
without
depigmentation-without pigment
dys-
painful; difficult; abnormal
dysuria-painful urination; dyspnea-difficulty breathing; dystrophy-abnormal development
endo-
within; inner
endoscope-instrument to view within; endocardium-inner lining of the heart
epi-
above
epigastric-above the stomach
eu-
normal
eupnea-normal breathing
ex-
outward
exostosis-condition of outward, or projecting, bone
extra-
outside of
extracorporeal-outside of the body
hetero-
different
heterograft-graft (like a skin graft) from another species
homo-
same
homograft-graft (like a skin graft) from the same species
hyper-
excessive
hypertrophy-excessive development
hypo-
below; insufficient
hypodermic-below the skin; hypoglycemia-insufficient blood sugar
in-
not; inward
infertility-not fertile; inhalation-to breathe in
inter-
between
intervertebral-between the vertebrae
intra-
within
intravenous-within a vein
macro-
large
macrotia-having large ears
micro-
small
microtia-having small ears
neo-
new
neonatology-study of the newborn
para-
beside; abnormal; two like parts of a pair
paranasal-beside the nose; paresthesia-abnormal sensation; paraplegia-paralysis of two like parts of a pair (the legs)
per-
through
percutaneous-through the skin
peri-
around
pericardial-around the heart
post-
after
postpartum-after birth
pre-
before
preoperative-before a surgical operation
pro-
before
prolactin-before milk
pseudo-
false
pseudocyesis-false pregnancy
re-
again
reinfection-to infect again
retro-
backward; behind
retrograde-to move backward; retroperitoneal-behind the peritoneum
sub-
under
subcutaneous-under the skin
tachy-
fast
tachycardia-fast heartbeat
trans-
across
transurethral-across the urethra
ultra-
beyond
ultrasound-beyond sound (high frequency sound waves)
un-
not
unconscious - not conscious
bi-
two
bilateral-two sides
hemi-
half
hemiplegia-paralysis of one side/half of the body
mono-
one
monoplegia-paralysis of one extremity
multi-
many
multigravida-woman pregnant more than once
nulli-
none
nuligravida-woman with no pregnancies
pan-
all
pansinusistis-inflammation of all the sinuses
poly-
many
polymyosistis-inflammation of many muscles
quadri-
four
quadriplegia-paralysis of all four limbs
semi-
partial
semiconscious -partially conscious
tetra-
four
tetraplegia-paralysis of all four limbs
tri-
three
triceps-muscle with three heads
-algia
pain
gastralgia-stomach pain
-cele
protrusion
cystocele-protrusion of the bladder
-cyte
cell
erythrocyte-red cell
-dynia
pain
cardiodynia - heart pain
-ectasis
dilation
bronchiectasis-dilated bronchi
-gen
that which produces
pathogen - that which produces disease
-genic
producing
carcinogenic-cancer producing
-ia
state, condition
bradycardia - condition of slow heart
-iasis
abnormal condition
lithiasis-abnormal condition of stones
-ism
state of
hypothyroidism - state of low thyroid
-itis
inflammation
dermatitis - inflammation of the skin
-logist
one who studies
cardiologist - one who studies the heart
-logy
study of
cardiology-study of the heart
-lytic
destruction
thrombolytic-clot destruction
-malacia
abnormal softening
chondromalacia-abnormal cartilage softening
-megaly
enlarged
cardiomegaly-enlarged heart
-oma
tumor, mass
carcinoma-cancerous tumor
-opsy
view of
biopsy - view of life
-osis
abnormal condition
cyanosis-abnormal condition of being blue
-pathy
disease
myopathy-muscle disease
-plasm
formation
neoplasm-new formation
-plegia
paralysis
laryngoplegia-paralysis of larynx
-ptosis
drooping
blepharoptosis-drooping eyelid
-rrhage
excessive, abnormal flow
hemorrhage-excessive bleeding
rrhagia
abnormal flow condition
cystorrhagia-abnormal flow from the bladder
-rrhea
discharge
rhinorrhea-discharge from the nose
-rrhexis
rupture
hysterorrhexis-ruptured uterus
-sclerosis
hardening
arteriosclerosis - hardening of an artery
-stenosis
narrowing
angiostenosis-narrowing of a vessel
-therapy
treatment
chemotherapy-treatment with chemicals
-trophy
development
hypertrophy-excessive development
-centesis
puncture to withdraw fluid
-ectomy
surgical removal
-ostomy
surgically create an opening
-otomy
cutting into
-pexy
surgical fixation
-plasty
surgical repair
-rrhaphy
to suture
-tome
instrument to cut
-gram
record or picture
-graphy
process of recording
-meter
instrument for measuring
-metry
process of measuring
-scope
instrument for viewing
-scopic
pertaining to visually examining
-scopy
process of visually examining
physician’s orders
complete list of care, medications, tests and treatments
nurse’s notes
record of patient’s care throughout the day; includes vital signs, treatment specifics, patient’s response to treatment and patient’s condition
physician’s progress notes
physician’s daily record of patient’s condition, results of physician’s examinations, summary of test results, updated assessment and diagnosis, and further plans for patients care
consultation reports
reports given by specialists who physician has asked to evaluate patient
ancillary report
reports from various treatments and therapies patient has received, such as rehabilitation, social services or respiratory therapy
diagnostic report
results of diagnostic tests performed on patient, principally from clinical lab and medical imaging
informed consent
document voluntarily signed by the patient or responsible party that clearly describes purpose, methods, procedures, benefits, and risks of a diagnostic or treatment procedure
operative report
report from a surgeon detailing an operation; includes pre- and postoperative diagnosis, specific details of surgical procedure itself and how patient tolerated procedure
anesthesiologist’s report
relates details regarding substances (such as medications and fluids) given to patient, patient’s response to anesthesia, and vital signs during surgery
pathologist’s report
report given by pathologist who studies tissue removed from patient
discharge summary
comprehensive outline of patient’s entire hospital stay; includes condition at time of admission, admitting diagnosis, test results, treatments and patient’s response, final diagnosis, and follow up plans
acute care or general hospitals
provide services to diagnose (laboratory, diagnostic imaging) and treat (surgery, medications, therapy) diseases for a short period of time; in addition, they usually provide emergency and obstetrical care
specialty care hospitals
provide care for very specific types of diseases; for example, a psychiatric hospital
nursing homes or long-term care facilities
provide long-term care for patients needing extra time to recover from illness or injury before returning home, or for persons who can no longer care for themselves
ambulatory care centers, surgical centers or outpatient clinics
provide services not requiring overnight hospitalization; services range from simple surgeries to diagnostic testing or therapy
physician’s offices
provide diagnostic and treatment services in a private office setting
health maintenance organization (HMO)
provides wide range of services by a group of primary-care physicians, specialists and other healthcare professionals in a prepaid system
home health care
provides nursing, therapy, personal care, or housekeeping services in patient’s own home
rehabilitation centers
provide intensive physical and occupational therapy; includes inpatient and outpatient treatment
hospices
provide supportive treatment to terminally ill patients and their families
