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Fall Semester 2017 > Medical Terminology Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

acr/o

A

extremities

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2
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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3
Q

adren/o

A

adrenal glands

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4
Q

adrenal/o

A

adrenal glands

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5
Q

andr/o

A

male

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6
Q

calc/o

A

calcium

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7
Q

estr/o

A

female

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8
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

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9
Q

gonad/o

A

sex glands

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10
Q

iod/o

A

iodine

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11
Q

kal/i

A

potassium

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12
Q

ket/o

A

ketones

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13
Q

mineral/o

A

minerals, electrolytes

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14
Q

natr/o

A

sodium

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15
Q

ovari/o

A

ovary

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16
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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17
Q

pineal/o

A

pineal gland

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18
Q

parathyroid/o

A

parathyroid gland

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19
Q

pituitar/o

A

pituitary gland

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20
Q

radi/o

A

radiation

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21
Q

somat/o

A

body

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22
Q

thym/o

A

thymus gland

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23
Q

thyr/o

A

thyroid gland

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24
Q

thyroid/o

A

thyroid gland

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25
Q

toxic/o

A

poison

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26
Q

-dipsia

A

thirst

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27
Q

-emic

A

pertaining to a blood condition

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28
Q

-pressin

A

to press down

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29
Q

-tropic

A

pertaining to stimulating

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30
Q

-tropin

A

to stimulate

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31
Q

What does the endocrine system consist of?

A

two adrenal glands, two ovaries (female), four parathyroid glands, pancreas, pineal gland, pituitary gland, two testes (male), thymus gland, thyroid gland

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32
Q

Sections of the adrenal gland…

A

adrenal cortex (outer portion) and adrenal medulla (inner portion)

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33
Q

parathyroid gland

A

regulates calcium in the blood

34
Q

pancreas

A

the exocrine portion releases digestive enzymes through a duct into the duodenum of the small intestine. The endocrine sections produce insulin and glucagon.

35
Q

ovaries

A

produce estrogen and progesterone

36
Q

pineal gland

A

secretes melatonin that helps to govern our 24 hour clock

37
Q

pituitary gland

A

divided into two lobes (anterior and posterior) which are controlled by the hypothalamus, a region of the brain active in regulating automatic body responses

38
Q

testes

A

produce male gametes, sperm and testosterone

39
Q

thymus gland

A

secretes thymosin, for proper development of the immune system

40
Q

thyroid gland

A

produces thyroxine and triiodothyronine. They help to regulate the production of energy and heat in the body to adjust the body’s metabolic rate.

41
Q

the study of the endocrine system

A

endocrinology

42
Q

the master endocrine gland

A

pituitary

43
Q

general term for the sexual organs that produce gametes

A

gonads

44
Q

term for the hormones produced by the outer layer of the adrenal cortex

A

corticosteroids

45
Q

an inadequate supply of what hormone causes diabetes insipidus

A

antidiuretic hormone

46
Q

mast/o

A

breast

47
Q

opthalm/o

A

eye

48
Q

or/o

A

mouth

49
Q

retin/o

A

retina

50
Q

vas/o

A

vessel

51
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal

52
Q

-edema

A

swelling

53
Q

-emic

A

pertaining to a blood condition

54
Q

-prandial

A

pertaining to a meal

55
Q

-pressin

A

to press down

56
Q

adrenal

A

pertaining to the adrenal gland

57
Q

ovarian

A

pertaining to the ovary

58
Q

pancreatic

A

pertaining to the pancreas

59
Q

thyroidal

A

pertaining to the thyroid gland

60
Q

testicular

A

pertaining to the testes

61
Q

thymic

A

pertaining to the thymus gland

62
Q

adrenomegaly

A

one or both adrenal glands enlarged

63
Q

edema

A

condition in which the body tissues contain excessive amounts of fluid

64
Q

exophthalmos

A

condition in which the eyeballs protrude, such as in Graves’ disease. This is generally caused by an overproduction of thyroid hormone.

65
Q

Cushing’s disease

A

overactive adrenal cortex

66
Q

goiter

A

enlarged thyroid

67
Q

acromegaly

A

enlarged bone of head and extremities

68
Q

gigantism

A

excessive groth hormone in a child

69
Q

myxedema

A

insufficient thyroid hormone in an adult

70
Q

diabetes mellitus

A

disorder of carbohydrate metabolism

71
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

may cause polyuria and polydipsia

72
Q

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

A

an autoimmune disease

73
Q

Graves’ disease

A

hyperthyroidism

74
Q

Addison’s disease

A

underactive adrenal cortex

75
Q

Protein-bound iodine test

A

measures T4 concentration in the blood

76
Q

fasting blood sugar

A

measures blood sugar level after 12-hour fast

77
Q

radioimmunoassay

A

measures levels of hormones in the blood

78
Q

thyroid scan

A

uses radioactive iodine

79
Q

2 hour postprandial glucose tolerance test

A

test of glucose metabolism two hours after eating a meal

80
Q

glucose tolerance test

A

determines glucose metabolism after patient receives a measured dose of glucose

81
Q

glucometer

A

instrument to measure blood glucose

82
Q

chemical thyroidectomy

A

used instead of a surgical procedure

Fall Semester 2017 (26 decks)

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