Medical Terminology - Chapter 4 Flashcards
1
Q
adip/o
A
fat
2
Q
andr/o
A
man
3
Q
anter/o
A
toward the front
4
Q
bi/o
A
life
5
Q
caud/o
A
tail
6
Q
cran/i
A
cranium
7
Q
cyt/o
A
cell
8
Q
dist/o
A
away from the point of origin
9
Q
dors/o
A
backward
10
Q
hist/o
A
tissue
11
Q
hydr/o
A
water
12
Q
infer/o
A
below
13
Q
inguin/o
A
groin
14
Q
kary/o
A
cell’s nucleus
15
Q
later/o
A
side
16
Q
medi/o
A
toward the middle
17
Q
organ/o
A
organ
18
Q
path/o
A
disease
19
Q
phen/o
A
to show
20
Q
physi/o
A
nature
21
Q
poster/o
A
behind, toward the back, back
22
Q
proxim/o
A
near the point of origin
23
Q
somat/o
A
body
24
Q
ventr/o
A
near or on the belly side of the body
25
viscer/o
body organs
26
homeostasis
a state of equilibrium that is maintained within the body's internal environment
27
Element: Al
Aluminum
28
Human body is made up of which 6 elements
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus
29
Element: C
Carbon
30
Element: Ca
Calcium
31
Element: Cl
Chlorine
32
Element: Co
Cobalt
33
Element: Cu
Copper
34
Element: F
Fluorine
35
Element: H
Hydrogen
36
Element: I
Iodine
37
Element: Fe
Iron
38
Element: Mn
Manganese
39
Element: Mg
Magnesium
40
Element: N
Nitrogen
41
Element: O or O2
Oxygen
42
Element: P
Phosphorus
43
Element: K
Potassium
44
Element: Na
Sodium
45
Element: S
Sulfur
46
Element: Zn
Zinc
47
function of Cell Membrane
Protects the cell, allows cell to receive nutrition and dispose of waste
48
function of Cytoplasm
Provides storage and work areas for the cell
49
Name 6 organelles listed in text
Ribosomes, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Mitochondria, Lysosomes, Centrioles
50
function of Ribosomes
PROTEIN FACTORIES. Make enzymes and other proteins
51
function of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
CARRIES PROTEINS and other substances through cytoplasm
52
function of Golgi Apparatus
CHEMICAL PROCESSING AND PACKAGING CENTRE. Chemically processes molecules from ER, packages into vesicles
53
function of Mitochondria (sing. Mitochondrion)
POWER PLANTS. Involved in cellular metabolism & respiration, provides principle source of cellular energy
54
function of Lysosomes
DIGESTIVE BAGS. Contain enzymes that digest food compounds
55
function of Centrioles
Play and important role in CELL REPRODUCTION
56
what are Cilia
Hairlike processes that project from epithelial cells
57
what is Flagellum
"Tail" of the sperm, enables sperm to move toward ovum
58
function of Nucleus
Controls every organelle in cytoplasm. Contains genetic matter. Responsible for cell's GROWTH, METABOLISM & REPRODUCTION
59
Four basic types of tissue
epithelial, connective, muscular, nerve
60
6 functions of epithelial tissue
protection, sensation, secretion, absorption, excretion, diffusion
61
Epithelial tissue
sheetlike arrangement of cells, form outer surfaces of body, line body cavities and tubes/passageways that lead to exterior
62
3 types of Muscle Tissue
Skeletal (voluntary), Smooth & Cardiac (involuntary)
63
Supporting cells of nerves
neuroglia
64
Properties of nerve tissue
excitability and conductivity
65
Function of nerve tissue
control and coordinate activities of the body
66
3 areas of Ventral cavity
Thoracic, Abdominal, Pelvic
67
2 areas of Dorsal cavity
Cranial, Spinal
68
2 areas of Thoracic cavity
pericardial, pleural
69
superior
above, toward head
70
inferior
below, toward tail
71
anterior (ventral)
in front of/before, front side of the body
72
posterior (dorsal)
toward the back, back side of the body
73
cephalic
pertaining to the head
74
caudal
pertaining to the tail
75
medial
nearest the middle or midline
76
lateral
to the side, away from the middle
77
proximal
near to the point of attachment or near beginning of structure
78
distal
away from point of attachment or far from beginning of structure
79
abdomin/o
abdomin (belly)
80
tars/o
ankle (tarsus)
81
brach/i
arm
82
poster/o
back
83
oste/o
bones
84
mast/o
breast
85
bucc/o
cheek
86
thorac/o
chest
87
ot/o
ear
88
cubital
elbow
89
ophthalm/o
eye
90
dactyl/o
finger
91
pod/o
foot
92
giniv/o
gums
93
manus
hand
94
olecran/o
elbow
95
ocul/o
eye
96
opt/o
eye
97
chir/o
hand
98
mamm/o
breast
99
cephal/o
head
100
cardi/o
heart
101
coxa
hip or hip joint
102
crur/o
leg
103
hepat/o
liver
104
pulm/o, pulmon/o
lungs
105
pneum/o, pneumon/o
lungs
106
or/o
mouth
107
muscul/o
muscles
108
umbilic/o
navel
109
omphal/o
navel
110
cervic/o
neck
111
neur/o
nerves
112
rhin/o
nose
113
nas/o
nose
114
cost/o
ribs
115
later/o
side
116
derm/a, dermat/o, derm/o
skin
117
cutane/o
skin
118
crani/o
skull
119
gastr/o
stomach
120
dent/i
teeth
121
tempor/o
temples
122
femor/o
thigh bone
123
pharyng/o
throat
124
pollex
thumb
125
lingu/o
tongue
126
gloss/o
tongue
127
wrist
carp/o
128
upper right and left regions of the body
hypochondriac
129
lower right and left regions of the body
iliac
130
regions on either side of umbilical region
lumbar
131
centre-most region of the body
umbilical
132
upper, middle region of body
epigastric
133
lower, middle region of body
hypogastric
134
abd
abdomen
135
A&P
anatomy and physiology
136
CO2
carbon dioxide
137
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
138
ENT
ear, nose, throat (otorhinolaryngology)
139
ER
endoplasmic reticulum (for Chap. 4 purpose) also emergency room
140
GI
gastrointestinal
141
H2O
water
142
LAT, lat
lateral
143
LLQ
left lower quadrant
144
LUQ
left upper quadrant
145
O or O2
oxygen
146
OTC
over the counter
147
RLQ
right lower quadrant
148
RUQ
right upper quadrant
149
-ose
pertaining to
150
ambi-
both
151
-al
pertaining to
152
-oid
resemble
153
-tomy
incision
154
ana-
up, apart
155
anatomy
literally: to cut up, to cut apart; the study of a structure of an organism such as a human
156
dissection
process of cutting apart
157
name all organ systems of human body (11)
integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, respiratory, digestive, reproductive, endocrine, urinary, cardiovascular, blood & lymphatic
158
name 2 types of involuntary muscle tissue
smooth, cardiac
159
name the voluntary type of muscle tissue
skeletal
160
skeletal muscle is ______ in appearance
striated
161
plane that divides body vertically
midsagittal plane
162
plane that divides body horizontally
transverse (horizontal plane)
163
plane that divides at right angles to midsagittal
coronal (frontal) plane
164
anter
toward the front
165
-ior
pertaining to
166
bi-
two
167
base
lower part of the foundation of a structure
168
apex
pointed end of a cone-shaped structure
169
bi/o
life
170
chromo-
color
171
-some
body
172
de-
down, away from
173
-ate
use, action
174
dif-
apart
175
fus
to pour
176
-ion
process
177
diffusion
process whereby particles in a fluid move from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration, resulting in even distribution of fluid
178
ecto-
outside
179
-morph
form, shape
180
filtrat
to strain through
181
gene
hereditary unit that transmits and determines ones characteristics or hereditary traits
182
infer
below
183
meso-
middle
184
-ic
pertaining to
185
per-
through
186
proto-
first
187
troph
a turning
188
somatotrophic
pertaining to stimulation of body growth
189
system
composite whole
190
uni-
one
191
ventr
near the belly
192
vertex
top or highest point, top or crown of the head
193
most widespread tissue
connective tissue
