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Medical Terminology > Medical Terminology - Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Medical Terminology - Chapter 11 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

anthrac/o

A

coal

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1
Q

alveol/o

A

small, hollow air sac

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2
Q

aspirat/o

A

to draw in

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3
Q

atel/o

A

imperfect

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4
Q

bronch/i

A

bronchi

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5
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchi

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6
Q

cheil/o

A

lip

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7
Q

con/i

A

dust

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8
Q

cyan/o

A

dark blue

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9
Q

cyst/o

A

sac

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10
Q

diaphragmat/o

A

diaphragm, partition

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11
Q

fibr/o

A

fiber

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12
Q

halat/o

A

breathe

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13
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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14
Q

laryng/e

A

larynx, voice box

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15
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, voice box

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16
Q

lob/o

A

lobe

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17
Q

mes/o

A

middle

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18
Q

nas/o

A

nose

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19
Q

olfact/o

A

smell

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20
Q

or/o

A

mouth

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21
Q

orth/o

A

straight

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22
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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23
Q

palat/o

A

palate

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24
Q

pector/o

A

breast, chest

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25
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx, throat

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26
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

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27
Q

pneum/o

A

air, lung

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28
Q

pnuemon/o

A

lung

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29
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

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30
Q

py/o

A

pus

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31
Q

respirat/o

A

breathing

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32
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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33
Q

rhonch/o

A

snore

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34
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh

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35
Q

spir/o

A

breath

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36
Q

thel/i

A

nipple

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37
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

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38
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsil, almond

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39
Q

trach/e

A

thrachea

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40
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

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41
Q

tubercul/o

A

a little swelling

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42
Q

ventilat/o

A

to air

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43
Q

passageway for air and food, contributes to phonation

A

pharynx

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44
Q

produces vocal sounds

A

larynx

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45
Q

open passageway for air to and from lungs

A

trachea

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46
Q

passageway for air to and from lungs

A

bronchi

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47
Q

bring air into contact with blood

A

lungs

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48
Q

partition that divides nose into 2 chambers

A

septum

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49
Q

sinuses beside the nose

A

paranasal sinuses

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50
Q

narrow slit at opening between true vocal cords

A

glottis

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51
Q

covers entrance of larynx, acts as lid to prevent aspiration of food into the trachea

A

epiglottis

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52
Q

windpipe

A

trachea

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53
Q

______ sweep foreign matter out of trachea

A

cilia

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54
Q

sphyx

A

pulse

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55
Q

-scope

A

instrument for examining

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56
Q

AFB

A

acid-fast bacilli

57
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

58
Q

ARDS

A

adult respiratory distress syndrome

59
Q

CF

A

cystic fibrosis

60
Q

COLD

A

chronic obstructive lung disease

61
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

62
Q

CXR

A

chest x-ray

63
Q

ENT

A

otorhinolaryngology (ear, nose, throat)

64
Q

ET

A

endotracheal

65
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus

66
Q

IRDS

A

infant respiratory distress syndrome

67
Q

IV

A

intravenous

68
Q

PND

A

postnasal drip

69
Q

R

A

respiration

70
Q

RDS

A

respiratory distress syndrome

71
Q

SARS

A

severe acute respiratory syndrome

72
Q

T&A

A

tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy

73
Q

TLC

A

total lung capacity

74
Q

URI

A

upper respiratory infection

75
Q

which bronchus and lung are larger

A

right

76
Q

depression/point where bronchus and blood vessels enter lung

A

hilum

77
Q

lungs are enclosed in the ______

A

pleura

78
Q

how many lobes does each lung have

A

right: 3, left: 2

79
Q

substance formed in lung that regulates the amount of surface tension of the fluid lining alveoli

A

surfactant

80
Q

amount of air in a single inspiration and expiration, 500ml of air in normal quiet breathing

A

tidal volume (TV)

81
Q

volume of air that can be exhaled after maximal inspiration; (sum of: tidal air + complemental air + supplemental air = )

A

vital capacity (VC)

82
Q

maximal volume of air in lungs after a maximal inspiration

A

total lung capacity (TLC)

83
Q

rate, rhythm and depth of respiration are controlled by nerve impulses from the _________ and ________ via the spinal cord

A

medulla oblongata and pons

84
Q

pertaining to small air sac in the lungs

A

alveolus

85
Q

lung condition caused by inhalation of coal dust and silica

A

anthracosis (black lung)

86
Q

temporary cessation of breathing during sleep

A

apnea

87
Q

disease of bronchi characterized by wheezing, dyspnea and a feeling of constriction in the chest. inflammation of the airways

A

asthma

88
Q

singular of alveoli

A

alveolus

89
Q

the _____ is made up of “C” - shaped rings

A

trachea

90
Q

singular of bronchi

A

bronchus

91
Q

layers of the pleura

A

visceral (inner), parietal (outer)

92
Q

partial collapse of segment of alveolus, decreasing surface area available for O2 and CO2 exchange

A

atelectasis

93
Q

atel

A

imperfect

94
Q

chronic dilation of bronchus or bronchi

A

bronchiectasis

95
Q

-ectasis

A

dilation

96
Q

medical instrument used to visually examine bronchi

A

bronchoscope

97
Q

visual exam of the larynx, trachea and bronchi

A

bronchoscopy

98
Q

acute respiratory disease characterized by obstruction of the larynx, a barking cough, dyspnea, hoarseness and stridor

A

croup

99
Q

abnormal condition of skin and mucous membrane caused by O2 deficiency in the blood

A

cyanosis

100
Q

inherited disease, affects the entire body. causes progressive disability and often early death

A

cystic fibrosis (CF)

101
Q

condition of difficulty in speaking (hoarseness)

A

dysphonia

102
Q

phon (phone)

A

voice

103
Q

chronic pulmonary disease in which alveoli become distended and alveolar walls become damaged or destroyed

A

emphysema

104
Q

pus in a body cavity, esp pleural cavity

A

empyema

105
Q

visual exam of the larynx

A

laryngoscopy

106
Q

series of tests to determine diffusion of O2 and CO2 across the cell membrane in the lungs

A

pulmonary function test

107
Q

performed on sputum to detect the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

acid-fast bacilli (AFB)

108
Q

-staxis

A

dripping

109
Q

epi-

A

upon

110
Q

nosebleed, usually results from traumatic or spontaneous rupture of the blood vessels in mucous membranes of nose

A

epistaxis

111
Q

good or normal breathing

A

eupnea

112
Q

eu-

A

good, normal

113
Q

-ptysis

A

to spit

114
Q

spitting up blood

A

hemoptysis

115
Q

condition of deficient amounts of oxygen in the inspired air

A

hypoxia

116
Q

process of breathing in

A

inhalation

117
Q

inflammation of the larynx

A

laryngitis

118
Q

instrument used to visually examine the larynx

A

laryngoscope

119
Q

surgical excision of a lobe of any organ or gland such as the lung

A

lobectomy

120
Q

process of smelling

A

olfaction

121
Q

inability to breathe unless in an upright or straight position

A

orthopnea

122
Q

acute, infectious disease caused by bacteria. characterized by peculiar crowing or whooping sound

A

pertussis

123
Q

inflammation of the pleura caused by injury, infection or a tumor

A

pleurisy

124
Q

abnormal condition of the lung caused by inhalation of dust particles such as coal dust, stone dust, asbestos etc. fiberotic tissue limits alveoli’s ability to stretch

A

pneumoconiosis

125
Q

inflammation of lung caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or chemical irritants

A

pneumonia

126
Q

inflammation of the lung

A

pneumonitis

127
Q

tumor with a stem, can occur where there are mucous membranes

A

polyp

128
Q

pus in the chest cavity

A

pyothorax

129
Q

abnormal sound heard on auscultation of the chest, a crackling, rattling, bubbling sound

A

rale

130
Q

-or

A

a doer

131
Q

condition that can occur in a premature infant in which lungs are not matured to point of manufacturing lecithin

A

respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)

132
Q

surgical repair of the nose

A

rhinoplasty

133
Q

discharge from the nose

A

rhinorrhea

134
Q

rale or rattle sound in throat or bronchial tubes, caused by partial obstruction

A

rhonchus

135
Q

chronic granulomatous condition that can involve almost any organ system of the body (usually lungs), causes dyspnea on exertion

A

sarcoidosis

136
Q

inflammation of a sinus

A

sinusitis

137
Q

medical instrument used to measure lung volume during inspiration and expiration

A

spirometer

138
Q

surgical puncture of chest wall for removal of fluid

A

thoracocentesis

139
Q

new opening into trachea

A

tracheostomy

140
Q

infectious disease caused by tubercle bacillus, myobacterium tuberculosis

A

tuberculosis (TB)

141
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

Medical Terminology (24 decks)

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