Medical Terminology - Chapter 16 Eye Flashcards
ambly/o
dull
anis/o
unequal
blephar/o
eyelid
choroid/o
choroid
conjunctiv/o
to join together, conjunctiva
cor/o
pupil
corne/o
cornea
cry/o
cold
cycl/o
ciliary body
dacry/o
tear, lacrimal duct, tear duct
dipl/o
double
fibr/o
fiber
foc/o
focus
goni/o
angle
irid/o
iris
kerat/o
cornea
lacrim/o
tear, lacrimal duct, tear duct
lent/o
lens
metr/o
measure
mi/o
less, small
ocul/o
eye
ophthalm/o
eye
opt/o
eye
phac/o
lens
phak/o
lentil, lens
phot/o
light
presby/o
old
pupill/o
pupil
rad/i
radiating out from a centre
retin/o
retina
scler/o
sclera, hardening
stigmat/o
point
ton/o
tone, tension
trich/o
hair
trop/o
turn
uve/o
uvea
xen/o
foreign material
xer/o
dry
contains eyeball, lined with fatty tissue, has several openings through which blood vessels and nerves pass
orbit
six short muscles, provide support and rotary movement of eye
eye muscles
protects eyeballs from intense light, foreign particles, and impact. permits eye to remain mosit
eyelids
protective covering for exposed surface of the eye
conjunctiva
produces, stores and removes tears that cleanse and lubricate eye
lacrimal apparatus
organ of vision
eye
outer layer of eyeball composed of fibrous connective tissue. at front of eye, is visible as white of eye and ends at cornea
sclera
transparent anterior portion of eyeball, bends light rays and helps to focus them on surface of retina
cornea
pigmented vascular membrane that prevents internal reflection of light
choroid
smooth muscle that forms a part of the ciliary body that governs the convexity of the lens; secretes nutrient fluids that nourish cornea, the lens and surrounding tissues
ciliary body
coloured membrane attached to ciliary body with circular opening in its centre (pupil)
iris
innermost layer with photoreceptive cells, translates light waves focused on its surface into nerve impulses
retina
sharpens focus of light on the retina (accommodation Acc)
lens
pertaining to tear
lacrimal
eyeball consists of 3 layers:
sclera (outer), uvea (middle), retina (inner)
transparent centre of sclera
cornea
uvea consists of the
ciliary body and choroid
contains photosensitive receptors (rods and cones)
retina
inflammation of the cornea
keratitis
surgical process of transferring cornea from donor to pt
corneal transplant
the white of the eye
sclera
layer of eyeball that receives blood, nutritive layer
choroid
duct that drains into the nasal cavity
nasolacrimal duct
filled with jellylike substance called vitreous humor
posterior cavity
defines shape of the eyball
vitreous humor
anterior chamber is filled with clear fluid called: (on inside of cornea)
aqueous humor
IOL
intraocular lens
IOP
intraocular pressure
visual sharpness
visual acuity
region through which optic nerve exits eyeball
optic disk (blind spot)
contains cones
fovea centralis
inflammation of conjuntiva
conjunctivitis
process by which eyes make adjustments to see objects at various distances
accommodation (Acc)
dullness of vision; reduced or dimness of vision, also called lazy eye
amblyopia
condition in which pupils are unequal
anisocoria
condition in which crystalline lens is absent
aphakia
cry/o
cold
dipl/o
double
em-
in
paralysis of the ciliary muscle
cycloplegia
condition in which the eyes turn inwards; crossed eyes
esotropia (ST)
ST
esotropia
surgical repair of the cornea
keratoplasty
pertaining to the tears
lacrimal
pertaining to an agent that causes pupil to contract/constrict
miotic
mi/o
less, small
-tic
pertaining to
-ic
pertaining to
study of the eye
ophthalmology
unusual intolerance to light
photophobia
examination of the anterior chamber of the eye via a gonioscope; used for determining ocular motility and rotation
gonioscopy
measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) of eye via a tonometer, used to detect glaucoma
tonometry
acuteness or sharpness of vision, Snellen eye chart can be used to test it, pt reads chart from a distance, normal vision is 20/20
visual acuity (VA) (test)
pertaining to having two foci, as in bifocal glasses; one foci for near vision and another for far
bifocal
drooping of the upper eyelid(s)
blepharoptosis
opacity of the crystalline lens or its capsule; most often occurs in older adults
cataract
small, hard, painless cyst of a sebaceous gland of the eyelids
chalzion
type of surgery that uses extreme cold to destroy tissue or to produce well-demarcated areas of cell injury; can be used in the removal of cataracts and the repair of retinal detachment
cryosurgery
tumorlike swelling caused by obstruction of the tear duct(s)
dacryoma
double vision
diplopia
normal or perfect vision
emmetropia (EM)
turning inward of the margin of the lower eyelid
entropion
turning outward of both eyes
exotropia (XT)
XT
exotropia
instrument used to examine the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye
gonioscope
vision defect in which paralell rays come to a focus beyond the retina
hyperopia (HT) (farsightedness)
HT
hyperopia
pertaining to an agent that causes the pupil to dilate
mydriatic
vision defect in which paralell rays come to a focus in front of the retina
myopia (MY) (nearsightedness)
condition in which the individual has difficulty seeing at night
nyctalopia (night blindness)
pertaining to the eye
ocular, optic
study and treatment of defective binocular vision resulting from defects in ocular musculature; also a technique of eye exercises for correcting defective binocular vision
orthoptics
process of using an ultrasound to disintegrate a cataract by inserting a needle through a small incision and aspirating the disintegrated cataract
phacoemulsification
vision defect, parallel rays come to focus beyond retina (hyperopia); occurs normally with aging
presbyopia
separation of retina from choroid layer of the eye can be caused by trauma or occur spontaneously
retinal detachment
malignant tumor arising from the germ cell of the retina
retinoblastoma
disorder of the eye in which optic axes cannot be directed to the same object
strabismus (squinting)
inflammation of one or more of the sebaceous glands of the eyelid
sty(e) (also called a hordeolum)
recoding of intraocular pressure used in detecting glaucoma
tonography
medical instrument used to measure intraocular pressure
tonometer
procedure for testing intraocular pressure
tonometry
condition of ingrowing eyelashes that rub against cornea, causing constant irritation to the eyeball
trichiasis
inflamed eye condition caused by foreign material
xenophthalmia
eye condition in which the conjunctiva is dry
xerophthalmia
ambly
dull
-opia
vision
anis/o
unequal
-ptosis
prolapse, drooping
cycl/o
ciliary body
trop
turn
-ion
process
eso-
inward
goni/o
angle
mydriat
dilation, widen
nyctal
night
emulsificat
disintegrate
-iasis
condition
Acc
accomodation
EM
emmetropia
HT
hyperopia
IOL
intraocular lens
IOP
intraocular pressure
MY
myopia
ST
esotropia
STDs
sexually transmitted diseases
VA
visual acuity
XT
exotropia
a pigment necessary for night vision
rhodopsin
small depression in centre of the macula lutea
fovea centralis
small area where most of the cone cells are grouped into
macula lutea
2 ducts at inner corner of eye, collects and tears and drains into lacrimal sac
lacrimal gland
the enlargement of the upper portion of the lacrimal duct, tears secreted by lacrimal gland are pulled into this sac and forced into nasolacrimal duct by blinking
lacrimal sac
passageway draining lacrimal fluid into nose
nasolacrimal duct
surgical repair of the eyelid
blepharoplasty
the organ of vision
eyeball
defect in refractive powers of the eye, ray of light is not focused on retina but is spread over an area, due to misshapen curvature of cornea and lens
astigmatism
