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Medical Terminology > Medical Terminology - Chapter 16 Eye > Flashcards

Medical Terminology - Chapter 16 Eye Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ambly/o

A

dull

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2
Q

anis/o

A

unequal

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3
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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4
Q

choroid/o

A

choroid

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5
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

to join together, conjunctiva

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6
Q

cor/o

A

pupil

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7
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

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8
Q

cry/o

A

cold

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9
Q

cycl/o

A

ciliary body

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10
Q

dacry/o

A

tear, lacrimal duct, tear duct

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11
Q

dipl/o

A

double

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12
Q

fibr/o

A

fiber

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13
Q

foc/o

A

focus

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14
Q

goni/o

A

angle

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15
Q

irid/o

A

iris

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16
Q

kerat/o

A

cornea

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17
Q

lacrim/o

A

tear, lacrimal duct, tear duct

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18
Q

lent/o

A

lens

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19
Q

metr/o

A

measure

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20
Q

mi/o

A

less, small

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21
Q

ocul/o

A

eye

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22
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

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23
Q

opt/o

A

eye

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24
Q

phac/o

A

lens

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25
Q

phak/o

A

lentil, lens

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26
Q

phot/o

A

light

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27
Q

presby/o

A

old

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28
Q

pupill/o

A

pupil

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29
Q

rad/i

A

radiating out from a centre

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30
Q

retin/o

A

retina

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31
Q

scler/o

A

sclera, hardening

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32
Q

stigmat/o

A

point

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33
Q

ton/o

A

tone, tension

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34
Q

trich/o

A

hair

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35
Q

trop/o

A

turn

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36
Q

uve/o

A

uvea

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37
Q

xen/o

A

foreign material

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38
Q

xer/o

A

dry

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39
Q

contains eyeball, lined with fatty tissue, has several openings through which blood vessels and nerves pass

A

orbit

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40
Q

six short muscles, provide support and rotary movement of eye

A

eye muscles

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41
Q

protects eyeballs from intense light, foreign particles, and impact. permits eye to remain mosit

A

eyelids

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42
Q

protective covering for exposed surface of the eye

A

conjunctiva

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43
Q

produces, stores and removes tears that cleanse and lubricate eye

A

lacrimal apparatus

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44
Q

organ of vision

A

eye

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45
Q

outer layer of eyeball composed of fibrous connective tissue. at front of eye, is visible as white of eye and ends at cornea

A

sclera

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46
Q

transparent anterior portion of eyeball, bends light rays and helps to focus them on surface of retina

A

cornea

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47
Q

pigmented vascular membrane that prevents internal reflection of light

A

choroid

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48
Q

smooth muscle that forms a part of the ciliary body that governs the convexity of the lens; secretes nutrient fluids that nourish cornea, the lens and surrounding tissues

A

ciliary body

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49
Q

coloured membrane attached to ciliary body with circular opening in its centre (pupil)

A

iris

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50
Q

innermost layer with photoreceptive cells, translates light waves focused on its surface into nerve impulses

A

retina

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51
Q

sharpens focus of light on the retina (accommodation Acc)

A

lens

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52
Q

pertaining to tear

A

lacrimal

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53
Q

eyeball consists of 3 layers:

A

sclera (outer), uvea (middle), retina (inner)

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54
Q

transparent centre of sclera

A

cornea

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55
Q

uvea consists of the

A

ciliary body and choroid

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56
Q

contains photosensitive receptors (rods and cones)

A

retina

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57
Q

inflammation of the cornea

A

keratitis

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58
Q

surgical process of transferring cornea from donor to pt

A

corneal transplant

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59
Q

the white of the eye

A

sclera

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60
Q

layer of eyeball that receives blood, nutritive layer

A

choroid

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61
Q

duct that drains into the nasal cavity

A

nasolacrimal duct

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62
Q

filled with jellylike substance called vitreous humor

A

posterior cavity

63
Q

defines shape of the eyball

A

vitreous humor

64
Q

anterior chamber is filled with clear fluid called: (on inside of cornea)

A

aqueous humor

65
Q

IOL

A

intraocular lens

66
Q

IOP

A

intraocular pressure

67
Q

visual sharpness

A

visual acuity

68
Q

region through which optic nerve exits eyeball

A

optic disk (blind spot)

69
Q

contains cones

A

fovea centralis

70
Q

inflammation of conjuntiva

A

conjunctivitis

71
Q

process by which eyes make adjustments to see objects at various distances

A

accommodation (Acc)

72
Q

dullness of vision; reduced or dimness of vision, also called lazy eye

A

amblyopia

73
Q

condition in which pupils are unequal

A

anisocoria

74
Q

condition in which crystalline lens is absent

A

aphakia

75
Q

cry/o

A

cold

76
Q

dipl/o

A

double

77
Q

em-

A

in

78
Q

paralysis of the ciliary muscle

A

cycloplegia

79
Q

condition in which the eyes turn inwards; crossed eyes

A

esotropia (ST)

80
Q

ST

A

esotropia

81
Q

surgical repair of the cornea

A

keratoplasty

82
Q

pertaining to the tears

A

lacrimal

83
Q

pertaining to an agent that causes pupil to contract/constrict

A

miotic

84
Q

mi/o

A

less, small

85
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

86
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

87
Q

study of the eye

A

ophthalmology

88
Q

unusual intolerance to light

A

photophobia

89
Q

examination of the anterior chamber of the eye via a gonioscope; used for determining ocular motility and rotation

A

gonioscopy

90
Q

measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) of eye via a tonometer, used to detect glaucoma

A

tonometry

91
Q

acuteness or sharpness of vision, Snellen eye chart can be used to test it, pt reads chart from a distance, normal vision is 20/20

A

visual acuity (VA) (test)

92
Q

pertaining to having two foci, as in bifocal glasses; one foci for near vision and another for far

A

bifocal

93
Q

drooping of the upper eyelid(s)

A

blepharoptosis

94
Q

opacity of the crystalline lens or its capsule; most often occurs in older adults

A

cataract

95
Q

small, hard, painless cyst of a sebaceous gland of the eyelids

A

chalzion

96
Q

type of surgery that uses extreme cold to destroy tissue or to produce well-demarcated areas of cell injury; can be used in the removal of cataracts and the repair of retinal detachment

A

cryosurgery

97
Q

tumorlike swelling caused by obstruction of the tear duct(s)

A

dacryoma

98
Q

double vision

A

diplopia

99
Q

normal or perfect vision

A

emmetropia (EM)

100
Q

turning inward of the margin of the lower eyelid

A

entropion

101
Q

turning outward of both eyes

A

exotropia (XT)

102
Q

XT

A

exotropia

103
Q

instrument used to examine the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye

A

gonioscope

104
Q

vision defect in which paralell rays come to a focus beyond the retina

A

hyperopia (HT) (farsightedness)

105
Q

HT

A

hyperopia

106
Q

pertaining to an agent that causes the pupil to dilate

A

mydriatic

107
Q

vision defect in which paralell rays come to a focus in front of the retina

A

myopia (MY) (nearsightedness)

108
Q

condition in which the individual has difficulty seeing at night

A

nyctalopia (night blindness)

109
Q

pertaining to the eye

A

ocular, optic

110
Q

study and treatment of defective binocular vision resulting from defects in ocular musculature; also a technique of eye exercises for correcting defective binocular vision

A

orthoptics

111
Q

process of using an ultrasound to disintegrate a cataract by inserting a needle through a small incision and aspirating the disintegrated cataract

A

phacoemulsification

112
Q

vision defect, parallel rays come to focus beyond retina (hyperopia); occurs normally with aging

A

presbyopia

113
Q

separation of retina from choroid layer of the eye can be caused by trauma or occur spontaneously

A

retinal detachment

114
Q

malignant tumor arising from the germ cell of the retina

A

retinoblastoma

115
Q

disorder of the eye in which optic axes cannot be directed to the same object

A

strabismus (squinting)

116
Q

inflammation of one or more of the sebaceous glands of the eyelid

A

sty(e) (also called a hordeolum)

117
Q

recoding of intraocular pressure used in detecting glaucoma

A

tonography

118
Q

medical instrument used to measure intraocular pressure

A

tonometer

119
Q

procedure for testing intraocular pressure

A

tonometry

120
Q

condition of ingrowing eyelashes that rub against cornea, causing constant irritation to the eyeball

A

trichiasis

121
Q

inflamed eye condition caused by foreign material

A

xenophthalmia

122
Q

eye condition in which the conjunctiva is dry

A

xerophthalmia

123
Q

ambly

A

dull

124
Q

-opia

A

vision

125
Q

anis/o

A

unequal

126
Q

-ptosis

A

prolapse, drooping

127
Q

cycl/o

A

ciliary body

128
Q

trop

A

turn

129
Q

-ion

A

process

130
Q

eso-

A

inward

131
Q

goni/o

A

angle

132
Q

mydriat

A

dilation, widen

133
Q

nyctal

A

night

134
Q

emulsificat

A

disintegrate

135
Q

-iasis

A

condition

136
Q

Acc

A

accomodation

137
Q

EM

A

emmetropia

138
Q

HT

A

hyperopia

139
Q

IOL

A

intraocular lens

140
Q

IOP

A

intraocular pressure

141
Q

MY

A

myopia

142
Q

ST

A

esotropia

143
Q

STDs

A

sexually transmitted diseases

144
Q

VA

A

visual acuity

145
Q

XT

A

exotropia

146
Q

a pigment necessary for night vision

A

rhodopsin

147
Q

small depression in centre of the macula lutea

A

fovea centralis

148
Q

small area where most of the cone cells are grouped into

A

macula lutea

149
Q

2 ducts at inner corner of eye, collects and tears and drains into lacrimal sac

A

lacrimal gland

150
Q

the enlargement of the upper portion of the lacrimal duct, tears secreted by lacrimal gland are pulled into this sac and forced into nasolacrimal duct by blinking

A

lacrimal sac

151
Q

passageway draining lacrimal fluid into nose

A

nasolacrimal duct

152
Q

surgical repair of the eyelid

A

blepharoplasty

153
Q

the organ of vision

A

eyeball

154
Q

defect in refractive powers of the eye, ray of light is not focused on retina but is spread over an area, due to misshapen curvature of cornea and lens

A

astigmatism

Medical Terminology (24 decks)

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