Medical Terminology - Chapter 17 Flashcards
abort/o
to miscarry
left ovary lies in the
upper pelvic cavity
cervic/o
cervix, neck
what are the finger-like structures of fallopian tube that draw the egg in
fimbriae
opening of the fallopian tube that lies close to the ovary
ostium (a mouth an opening)
coit/o
a coming together
colp/o
vagina
culd/o
cul-de-sac
cyst/o
bladder
fibr/o
fibrous tissue
gynec/o
female
hyster/o
womb, uterus
mamm/o
breast
mast/o
breast
men/o
month, menses, menstruation
metr/i
womb, uterus
metr/o
womb, uterus
my/o
muscle
o/o
ovum, egg
oophor/o
ovary
pareun/o
lying beside, sexual intercourse
rect/o
rectum
uter/o
uterus
vagin/o
vagina
venere/o
sexual intercourse
vers/o
turning
provides a place for the nourishment & development of fetus during pregnancy; contacts rhythmically and powerfully to help push out fetus during birth
uterus
FSH
follicle stimulating hormone
serve as ducts to convey the ovum from ovary to uterus and to convey spermatozoa from the uterus toward each ovary
fallopian tubes
produce ova and hormones
ovaries
female organ of copulation, serves as passageway for discharge of menstruation and passageway for birth of fetus
vagina
is like a bulb
ampulla
neck of the uterus
cervix
external female genitalia
vulva
provides pad of fatty tissue
mons pubis
provides two folds of adipose tissue
labia majora
three layers of the uterus
endometrium (inner), myometrium, perimetrium (outer)
labia minora
lying within labia majora, encloses vestibule
serves as entrance to urethra, the vagina, and two excretory ducts of Bartholin’s glands
vestibule
erectile tissue that is homologous to the penis of the male
clitoris
contains mammary glands that produce milk after childbirth
breasts
fertilized egg is called
zygote
oophorosalpingohysterectomy
removal of ovary, fallopian tubes, uterus
fallopian tube also called
uterine tube or oviduct
process of bending forward
anteflexion (normal position of uterus)
process of forward turning
anteversion
process of turning backward
retroversion
process of bending backward
retroflexion
entire outer region of uterus that can not be viewed by (dr.?)
cortex
process in which sperm penetrates ovum and unites with it
fertilization
event of fertilization
conception
resulting cell of single sperm penetrating ovum
zygote
LH
luteinizing hormone
FSH
follicle-stimulating hormone
LH stimulates _____ _____to develop
corpus luteum
small yellow mass of cells that develop within ruptured ovarian follicle
corpus luteum
hormones from the pituitary gland
gonadotropic hormones
small yellow mass that develops within ruptured ovarian follicle (develops after ovulation)
corpus luteum
two distinct areas of ovary
cortex (outer layer), medulla (inner portion)
the ovarian cortex contains small secretory sacs or follicles in 3 stages of development:
primary, growing and graafian (mature follicle)
two anatomical regions of the uterus
uterine body or corpus and cervix
rounded portion of uterine body above the openings of the fallopian tubes
fundus
uterine body ends at constricted central area known as
isthmus (uterine isthmus)
constricted portion of fallopian tube nearest the uterus
isthmus (fallopian isthmus)
widened section of fallopian tube after the isthmus
ampulla
end of the fallopian tube
infundibulum
opening of fallopian tube
ostium
fingerlike structures surrounding each ostium
fimbriae
process of ______ occurs if ovum becomes impregnated by sperm
fertilization
fertilized ovum (zygote) is genetically complete and begins to divide, forming solid mass of cells called a
morula
by the time developing embryo reaches uterus, it is a hollow ball of cells known as a
blastocyst (consists of an outer layer of cells and and inner cell mass)
as blastocyst develops, it forms a structure with two cavities:
yolk sac and amniotic cavity
almond-shaped organs located on either side of the uterus
ovaries
ovaries attach to the uterus by the
ovarian ligament
anterior border of each ovary is connected to posterior layer of broad ligament by the
mesovarium (portion of the peritoneal fold)
each ovary is attached to the side of the pelvis by
suspensory ligaments
sing. of ova
ovum
process of ovum discharging into pelvic cavity where it enters the fallopian tube
ovulation
the ovaries are also _______ _______, producing ________ & ________
endocrine glands, estrogen & progesterone
female sex hormone secreted by the ovarian follicles
estrogen
steroid hormone secreted by the corpus luteum that is important in the maintenance of pregnancy
progesterone
a musculomembranous tube extending from the vestibule to the uterus, 10-15cm in length and is situated between bladder and rectum
vagina
vagina is lined with a mucous membrane made up of
squamous epithelium
fold of the mucous membrane of the vagina, partially covers vagina’s external opening
hymen
region bounded by inferior edges of the pelvis, in female it is located between vulva and anus (muscular sheet that forms pelvic floor)
perineum
surgical procedure performed to prevent tearing of perineum and to facilitate delivery of the fetus
episiotomy
compound alveolar structures consisting of 15-20 glandular tissue lobes separated by septa of connective tissue
breasts or mammary glands
dark, pigmented area found in skin over each breast
areola
hormone produced by anterior lobe of the pituitary, stimulates mammary glands to produce milk after childbirth
prolactin
baby’s suckling causes release of _____ which stimulates uterine contractions and promotes return of uterus to normal size
oxytocin
marks the first day of the follicular phase (1st-5th day of cycle)
menstruation
phase characterized by stimulation of estrogen, the thickening and vascularization of endometrium and maturing of ovarian follicle
ovulatory phase
phase that follows ovulation, lasts about 14 days
luteal phase (or secretory phase)
phase during which coiled uterine arteries become constricted, endometrium becomes anemic and begins to shrink and corpus luteum decreases in functional activity
premenstrual (or ischemic) time period
visual examination of the vagina and cervix via a colposcope. Abnormal results can indicate cervical or vaginal erosion, tumors and dysplasia
colposcopy
examine blood from the fetus to detect fetal abnormalities (down syndrome and fetal blood disorders), AKA fetal blood sampling, percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS), and umbilical vein sampling
cordocentesis
X-ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes after the injection of a radiopaque substance. Size & structure of the uterus and fallopian tubes can be evaluated.
hysterosalpingography
visual exam of the abdominal cavity. A flexible, lighted instrument (laparoscope) is inserted though a periumbilical incision to examine the ovaries and fallopian tubes
laparoscopy
lapar
abdomen
screening test to aid in the detection of cervical cancer.
Papanicolaou (Pap) smear (capital “P”)
screen for toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV)
TORCH panel
AB
abortion
AH
abdominal hysterectomy
D&C
dilation and curettage
FHB
fetal heartbeat
hCG
human chorionic gonadotropin
IUD
intrauterine device
LH
luteinizing hormone
OB
obstetrics
PAP
Papanicolaou (smear)
PMS
premenstrual syndrome
STD’s
sexually transmitted diseases
TSS
toxic shock syndrome
HSG
hysterosalpingography
bartholin
Bartholin’s glands
-scope
instrument for examining
contra-
against
cept
receive
-ion
process
-centesis
surgical puncture
-cele
hernia
dys-
difficult, painful
ec-
out
lamp(s)
to shine
-ia
condition
genital
belonging to birth
hymen
hymen
intra-
within
lump
lump
-arche
beginning
pause
cessation
-rrhagia
to burst forth
oligo-
scanty
-genesis
formation, produce
ovulat
little egg
peri-
around
rect/o
rectum
venere
sexual intercourse
accessory parts of a structure
adnexa (adnexa uteri refers to the ovaries and fallopian tubes)
lack of the monthly flow (menses or menstruation)
amenorrhea
medical instrument used to examine the vagina and cervix by means of a magnifying lens
colposcope
hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina
cystocele
difficult or painful monthly flow (menses or menstruation)
dysmenorrhea
difficult or painful sexual intercourse (copulation)
dyspareunia
pregnancy that occurs when the fertilized egg is implanted in one of various sites, the most common being a fallopian tube
ectopic pregnancy (tubal pregnancy)
pathological condition in which endometrial tissue has been displaced to various sites in the abdominal or pelvic cavity
endometriosis
person who specializes in the study of the female, especially the diseases of the female reproductive organs and the breasts
gynecologist
pertaining to within the uterus
intrauterine
procedure that uses a laser to destroy the uterine lining. Biopsy is performed prior. Procedure can be used for disabling menstrual bleeding. Causes sterility
laser ablation
surgical removal of a tumor from the breast. Removes only the tumor and some surrounding tissue but no lymph nodes
lumpectomy
surgical repair of the breast
mammoplasty
surgical excision of the breast
mastectomy
beginning of the monthly flow
menarche
cessation of the monthly flow
menopause (also called climacteric)
excessive uterine bleeding at time of menstrual period, either in # of days of amount of blood or both.
menorrhagia
abdominal pain that occurs midway between the menstrual periods at ovulation
mittelschmerz
scanty monthly flow
oligomenorrhea
formation of the ovum
oogenesis
surgical excision of the ovary
oophorectomy
periodic ripening and rupture of a mature graafian follicle and the process of discharge of an ovum from the cortex of an ovary. approx 14 days before next period
ovulation
pertaining to after sexual intercourse
postcoital
process of being turned backward, such as the displacement of the uterus with the cervix pointed forward
retroversion
surgical excision of an ovary and a fallopian tube
salpingo-oophorectomy
serious bacterial infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. sudden symptoms of vomiting, high fever, rapid drop in BP, diarrhea, headache, sore throat, muscle aches
toxic shock syndrome (TSS)
pertaining to or resulting from sexual intercourse.
venereal
salping/o
fallopian tube
thin yellowish secretion containing mainly serum and white blood cells
colostrum (“first milk”)
period of gradual changes that lead into menopause
perimenopause
______ marks the first day of the follicular phase
menstruation
characterized by stimulation of estrogen, thickening and vascularization of endometrium, maturing of ovarian follicle
ovulation
phase that follows ovulation
luteal phase
