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Medical Terminology > Medical Terminology - Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Medical Terminology - Chapter 17 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

abort/o

A

to miscarry

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1
Q

left ovary lies in the

A

upper pelvic cavity

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2
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix, neck

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3
Q

what are the finger-like structures of fallopian tube that draw the egg in

A

fimbriae

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4
Q

opening of the fallopian tube that lies close to the ovary

A

ostium (a mouth an opening)

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5
Q

coit/o

A

a coming together

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6
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

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7
Q

culd/o

A

cul-de-sac

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8
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder

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9
Q

fibr/o

A

fibrous tissue

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10
Q

gynec/o

A

female

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11
Q

hyster/o

A

womb, uterus

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12
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

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13
Q

mast/o

A

breast

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14
Q

men/o

A

month, menses, menstruation

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15
Q

metr/i

A

womb, uterus

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16
Q

metr/o

A

womb, uterus

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17
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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18
Q

o/o

A

ovum, egg

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19
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

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20
Q

pareun/o

A

lying beside, sexual intercourse

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21
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

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22
Q

uter/o

A

uterus

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23
Q

vagin/o

A

vagina

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24
Q

venere/o

A

sexual intercourse

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25
Q

vers/o

A

turning

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26
Q

provides a place for the nourishment & development of fetus during pregnancy; contacts rhythmically and powerfully to help push out fetus during birth

A

uterus

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27
Q

FSH

A

follicle stimulating hormone

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28
Q

serve as ducts to convey the ovum from ovary to uterus and to convey spermatozoa from the uterus toward each ovary

A

fallopian tubes

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29
Q

produce ova and hormones

A

ovaries

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30
Q

female organ of copulation, serves as passageway for discharge of menstruation and passageway for birth of fetus

A

vagina

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31
Q

is like a bulb

A

ampulla

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32
Q

neck of the uterus

A

cervix

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33
Q

external female genitalia

A

vulva

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34
Q

provides pad of fatty tissue

A

mons pubis

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35
Q

provides two folds of adipose tissue

A

labia majora

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36
Q

three layers of the uterus

A

endometrium (inner), myometrium, perimetrium (outer)

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37
Q

labia minora

A

lying within labia majora, encloses vestibule

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38
Q

serves as entrance to urethra, the vagina, and two excretory ducts of Bartholin’s glands

A

vestibule

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39
Q

erectile tissue that is homologous to the penis of the male

A

clitoris

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40
Q

contains mammary glands that produce milk after childbirth

A

breasts

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41
Q

fertilized egg is called

A

zygote

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42
Q

oophorosalpingohysterectomy

A

removal of ovary, fallopian tubes, uterus

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43
Q

fallopian tube also called

A

uterine tube or oviduct

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44
Q

process of bending forward

A

anteflexion (normal position of uterus)

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45
Q

process of forward turning

A

anteversion

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46
Q

process of turning backward

A

retroversion

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47
Q

process of bending backward

A

retroflexion

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48
Q

entire outer region of uterus that can not be viewed by (dr.?)

A

cortex

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49
Q

process in which sperm penetrates ovum and unites with it

A

fertilization

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50
Q

event of fertilization

A

conception

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51
Q

resulting cell of single sperm penetrating ovum

A

zygote

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52
Q

LH

A

luteinizing hormone

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53
Q

FSH

A

follicle-stimulating hormone

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54
Q

LH stimulates _____ _____to develop

A

corpus luteum

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55
Q

small yellow mass of cells that develop within ruptured ovarian follicle

A

corpus luteum

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56
Q

hormones from the pituitary gland

A

gonadotropic hormones

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57
Q

small yellow mass that develops within ruptured ovarian follicle (develops after ovulation)

A

corpus luteum

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58
Q

two distinct areas of ovary

A

cortex (outer layer), medulla (inner portion)

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59
Q

the ovarian cortex contains small secretory sacs or follicles in 3 stages of development:

A

primary, growing and graafian (mature follicle)

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60
Q

two anatomical regions of the uterus

A

uterine body or corpus and cervix

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61
Q

rounded portion of uterine body above the openings of the fallopian tubes

A

fundus

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62
Q

uterine body ends at constricted central area known as

A

isthmus (uterine isthmus)

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63
Q

constricted portion of fallopian tube nearest the uterus

A

isthmus (fallopian isthmus)

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64
Q

widened section of fallopian tube after the isthmus

A

ampulla

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65
Q

end of the fallopian tube

A

infundibulum

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66
Q

opening of fallopian tube

A

ostium

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67
Q

fingerlike structures surrounding each ostium

A

fimbriae

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68
Q

process of ______ occurs if ovum becomes impregnated by sperm

A

fertilization

69
Q

fertilized ovum (zygote) is genetically complete and begins to divide, forming solid mass of cells called a

A

morula

70
Q

by the time developing embryo reaches uterus, it is a hollow ball of cells known as a

A

blastocyst (consists of an outer layer of cells and and inner cell mass)

71
Q

as blastocyst develops, it forms a structure with two cavities:

A

yolk sac and amniotic cavity

72
Q

almond-shaped organs located on either side of the uterus

A

ovaries

73
Q

ovaries attach to the uterus by the

A

ovarian ligament

74
Q

anterior border of each ovary is connected to posterior layer of broad ligament by the

A

mesovarium (portion of the peritoneal fold)

75
Q

each ovary is attached to the side of the pelvis by

A

suspensory ligaments

76
Q

sing. of ova

A

ovum

77
Q

process of ovum discharging into pelvic cavity where it enters the fallopian tube

A

ovulation

78
Q

the ovaries are also _______ _______, producing ________ & ________

A

endocrine glands, estrogen & progesterone

79
Q

female sex hormone secreted by the ovarian follicles

A

estrogen

80
Q

steroid hormone secreted by the corpus luteum that is important in the maintenance of pregnancy

A

progesterone

81
Q

a musculomembranous tube extending from the vestibule to the uterus, 10-15cm in length and is situated between bladder and rectum

A

vagina

82
Q

vagina is lined with a mucous membrane made up of

A

squamous epithelium

83
Q

fold of the mucous membrane of the vagina, partially covers vagina’s external opening

A

hymen

84
Q

region bounded by inferior edges of the pelvis, in female it is located between vulva and anus (muscular sheet that forms pelvic floor)

A

perineum

85
Q

surgical procedure performed to prevent tearing of perineum and to facilitate delivery of the fetus

A

episiotomy

86
Q

compound alveolar structures consisting of 15-20 glandular tissue lobes separated by septa of connective tissue

A

breasts or mammary glands

87
Q

dark, pigmented area found in skin over each breast

A

areola

88
Q

hormone produced by anterior lobe of the pituitary, stimulates mammary glands to produce milk after childbirth

A

prolactin

89
Q

baby’s suckling causes release of _____ which stimulates uterine contractions and promotes return of uterus to normal size

A

oxytocin

90
Q

marks the first day of the follicular phase (1st-5th day of cycle)

A

menstruation

91
Q

phase characterized by stimulation of estrogen, the thickening and vascularization of endometrium and maturing of ovarian follicle

A

ovulatory phase

92
Q

phase that follows ovulation, lasts about 14 days

A

luteal phase (or secretory phase)

93
Q

phase during which coiled uterine arteries become constricted, endometrium becomes anemic and begins to shrink and corpus luteum decreases in functional activity

A

premenstrual (or ischemic) time period

94
Q

visual examination of the vagina and cervix via a colposcope. Abnormal results can indicate cervical or vaginal erosion, tumors and dysplasia

A

colposcopy

95
Q

examine blood from the fetus to detect fetal abnormalities (down syndrome and fetal blood disorders), AKA fetal blood sampling, percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS), and umbilical vein sampling

A

cordocentesis

96
Q

X-ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes after the injection of a radiopaque substance. Size & structure of the uterus and fallopian tubes can be evaluated.

A

hysterosalpingography

97
Q

visual exam of the abdominal cavity. A flexible, lighted instrument (laparoscope) is inserted though a periumbilical incision to examine the ovaries and fallopian tubes

A

laparoscopy

98
Q

lapar

A

abdomen

99
Q

screening test to aid in the detection of cervical cancer.

A

Papanicolaou (Pap) smear (capital “P”)

100
Q

screen for toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV)

A

TORCH panel

101
Q

AB

A

abortion

102
Q

AH

A

abdominal hysterectomy

103
Q

D&C

A

dilation and curettage

104
Q

FHB

A

fetal heartbeat

105
Q

hCG

A

human chorionic gonadotropin

106
Q

IUD

A

intrauterine device

107
Q

LH

A

luteinizing hormone

108
Q

OB

A

obstetrics

109
Q

PAP

A

Papanicolaou (smear)

110
Q

PMS

A

premenstrual syndrome

111
Q

STD’s

A

sexually transmitted diseases

112
Q

TSS

A

toxic shock syndrome

113
Q

HSG

A

hysterosalpingography

114
Q

bartholin

A

Bartholin’s glands

115
Q

-scope

A

instrument for examining

116
Q

contra-

A

against

117
Q

cept

A

receive

118
Q

-ion

A

process

119
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture

120
Q

-cele

A

hernia

121
Q

dys-

A

difficult, painful

122
Q

ec-

A

out

123
Q

lamp(s)

A

to shine

124
Q

-ia

A

condition

125
Q

genital

A

belonging to birth

126
Q

hymen

A

hymen

127
Q

intra-

A

within

128
Q

lump

A

lump

129
Q

-arche

A

beginning

130
Q

pause

A

cessation

131
Q

-rrhagia

A

to burst forth

132
Q

oligo-

A

scanty

133
Q

-genesis

A

formation, produce

134
Q

ovulat

A

little egg

135
Q

peri-

A

around

136
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

137
Q

venere

A

sexual intercourse

138
Q

accessory parts of a structure

A

adnexa (adnexa uteri refers to the ovaries and fallopian tubes)

139
Q

lack of the monthly flow (menses or menstruation)

A

amenorrhea

140
Q

medical instrument used to examine the vagina and cervix by means of a magnifying lens

A

colposcope

141
Q

hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina

A

cystocele

142
Q

difficult or painful monthly flow (menses or menstruation)

A

dysmenorrhea

143
Q

difficult or painful sexual intercourse (copulation)

A

dyspareunia

144
Q

pregnancy that occurs when the fertilized egg is implanted in one of various sites, the most common being a fallopian tube

A

ectopic pregnancy (tubal pregnancy)

145
Q

pathological condition in which endometrial tissue has been displaced to various sites in the abdominal or pelvic cavity

A

endometriosis

146
Q

person who specializes in the study of the female, especially the diseases of the female reproductive organs and the breasts

A

gynecologist

147
Q

pertaining to within the uterus

A

intrauterine

148
Q

procedure that uses a laser to destroy the uterine lining. Biopsy is performed prior. Procedure can be used for disabling menstrual bleeding. Causes sterility

A

laser ablation

149
Q

surgical removal of a tumor from the breast. Removes only the tumor and some surrounding tissue but no lymph nodes

A

lumpectomy

150
Q

surgical repair of the breast

A

mammoplasty

151
Q

surgical excision of the breast

A

mastectomy

152
Q

beginning of the monthly flow

A

menarche

153
Q

cessation of the monthly flow

A

menopause (also called climacteric)

154
Q

excessive uterine bleeding at time of menstrual period, either in # of days of amount of blood or both.

A

menorrhagia

155
Q

abdominal pain that occurs midway between the menstrual periods at ovulation

A

mittelschmerz

156
Q

scanty monthly flow

A

oligomenorrhea

157
Q

formation of the ovum

A

oogenesis

158
Q

surgical excision of the ovary

A

oophorectomy

159
Q

periodic ripening and rupture of a mature graafian follicle and the process of discharge of an ovum from the cortex of an ovary. approx 14 days before next period

A

ovulation

160
Q

pertaining to after sexual intercourse

A

postcoital

161
Q

process of being turned backward, such as the displacement of the uterus with the cervix pointed forward

A

retroversion

162
Q

surgical excision of an ovary and a fallopian tube

A

salpingo-oophorectomy

163
Q

serious bacterial infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. sudden symptoms of vomiting, high fever, rapid drop in BP, diarrhea, headache, sore throat, muscle aches

A

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

164
Q

pertaining to or resulting from sexual intercourse.

A

venereal

165
Q

salping/o

A

fallopian tube

166
Q

thin yellowish secretion containing mainly serum and white blood cells

A

colostrum (“first milk”)

167
Q

period of gradual changes that lead into menopause

A

perimenopause

168
Q

______ marks the first day of the follicular phase

A

menstruation

169
Q

characterized by stimulation of estrogen, thickening and vascularization of endometrium, maturing of ovarian follicle

A

ovulation

170
Q

phase that follows ovulation

A

luteal phase

Medical Terminology (24 decks)

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