MCQ Chapter 11: The Muscular System Flashcards
A group of skeletal muscles, their associated blood vessels, and associated nerves with a common function.
compartment
anal triangle
diaphragm
aponeurosis
compartment
The region of the pelvic floor inferior to the pubic symphysis, bounded by the pubic symphysis and the ischial tuberosities, and containing the external genitalia.
deep
fixators
compartments
urogenital triangle
urogenital triangle
A muscle that stabilizes the origin of the prime mover so that the prime mover can act more efficiently.
superficial
synergists
fixators
aponeurosis
fixators
In oblique passageway in the anterior abdominal wall just superior and parallel to the medial half of the inguinal ligament that transmits the spermatic cord and ilioinguinal nerve in the male and round ligament of the uterus and ilioinguinal nerve in the female.
inguinal canal
insertion
perineum
hernia
inguinal canal
A muscle that has an action opposite that of the prime mover (agonist) and yields to the movement of the prime mover.
compartment
anal triangle
antagonist
synergists
antagonist
The attachment of a muscle tendon to a stationary bone or the end opposite the insertion.
fixators
rotator (musculotendinous) cuff
deep
origin
origin
The attachment of a muscle tendon to a movable bone or the end opposite the origin.
insertion
diaphragm
compartments
superficial
insertion
A muscle that assists the prime mover by reducing undesired action or unnecessary movement.
synergists
antagonist
intramuscular (IM) injection
prime mover
Synergists
The muscle directly responsible for producing a desired motion. Also called an agonist (AG-ō-nist).
deep
prime mover
antagonist
synergists
Prime mover
The pelvic floor; the space between the anus and the scrotum in the male and between the anus and the vulva in the female.
compartment
urogenital triangle
perineum
fixators
perineum
An injection that penetrates the skin and subcutaneous layer to enter a skeletal muscle. Common sites are the deltoid, gluteus medius, and vastus lateralis muscles.
synergists
antagonist
prime mover
intramuscular (IM) injection
Intramuscular (IM) injection
Refers to the tendons of four deep shoulder muscles (subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor) that form a complete circle (cuff) around the shoulder; they strengthen and stabilize the shoulder joint
rotator (musculotendinous) cuff
deep
perineum
diaphragm
rotator (musculotendinous) cuff
The subdivision of the female or male perineum that contains the anus.
insertion
anal triangle
fixators
deep
Anal triangle
The muscle that forms the major portion of the cheek is the:
Masseter
Temporalis
Zygomaticus major
Buccinator
Buccinator
1) Most muscles cross at least one
a) tendon
b) joint
c) bone
d) ligament
e) body plane
B
2) The attachment of a muscle’s tendon to the stationary bone is called the _____; the attachment of the muscle’s other tendon to the movable bone is called the _____.
a) origin, action
b) insertion, action
c) origin, insertion
d) insertion, origin
C
3) Motion will occur at a lever system when
a) resistance at the insertion exceeds the load.
b) the force of the contraction is not more than the load.
c) effort at the origin exceeds the load.
d) effort at the insertion exceeds the load.
D
4) Your friend nods ”yes” to you, going through flexion, extension and hyperextension. This movement at the fulcrum represents a
a) first- class lever system
b) second-class lever system
c) third-class lever system
d) third-class lever system
A
7) Which fascicle arrangement, under voluntary or involuntary regulation of contraction, can control the opening or closing an orifice (opening)?
a) pennate
b) triangular
c) circular
d) parallel
e) fusiform
C
9) The muscle that serves as the “prime mover” during a movement is called the
a) antagonist.
b) agonist.
c) synergist.
d) asynergist.
e) fixator.
B
10) This type of muscle works by stabilizing the origin of the agonist so that it can act more efficiently.
a) synergist
b) agonist
c) antagonist
d) fixator
e) secondary mover
D
18) When the knee is being flexed, what is the fulcrum?
a) femur
b) weight of lower leg and foot
c) knee joint
d) tibia
e) contraction of quadriceps femoris
C
19) During knee flexion, what is the effort?
a) knee joint
b) contraction of the hamstring muscle group
c) weight of the lower leg and foot
d) femur
e) tibia
B
21) Which of these muscles flexes the thigh at the hip joint alone but extends the knee working in a group?
a) biceps femoris
b) rectus femoris
c) semitendinosus
d) semimembranosus
e) vastus lateralis
B
22) Which of these muscles has fascicles parallel to the midline?
a) external obliques
b) transverse abdominis
c) rectus femoris
d) biceps femoris
e) orbicularis oculi
C
55) Which muscles help move the jaw during mastication?
a) masseter, temporalis, pterygoid (medial and lateral)
b) genioglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus, palatoglossus
c) omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid
d) sternocleidomastoid, longissimus capitis, splenius capitis
e) orbicularis oris, levator labii superioris, depressor labii inferioris
A
56) During inhalation, _____muscles contract to elevate the ribs. During forced exhalation, ______muscles contract to depress the ribs.
a) external intercostals; internal intercostals
b) transverse abdominis; diaphragm
c) diaphragm ; transverse abdominis
d) internal intercostals; external intercostals
e) rectus abdominis; external obliques
A
60) Which of these groups includes only muscles that move the humerus but do NOT originate on the axial skeleton?
a) serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi, trapezius
b) supraspinatus, teres major, teres minor, infraspinatus
c) deltoid, brachioradialis, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major
d) trapezius, pectoralis minor, pectoralis major, triceps brachii
e) triceps brachii, biceps brachii, brachioradialis
B
63) If one is stabbed on the lateral side of the abdomen, what abdominal muscles, in order from superficial to deep, will the knife go through?
a) rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique
b) external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis
c) transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis, external oblique
d) external oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis
e) internal oblique, transversus abdominis, external oblique
B
64) Protrusion of an organ through a structure that normally contains it is referred to as a
a) hernia.
b) goitre.
c) strain.
d) sprain.
e) hydrocele.
A
65) A 1 year old child presents with crossed eyes. While she seems fine and is able to recognize people, the patient is diagnosed with
a) nystagmus.
b) strabismus.
c) presbyopia.
d) myopia.
e) hypermetropia.
B
66) What terms can be used to describe forearm muscle movements at the wrist but NOT on the fingers at the interphalangeal joints?
a) flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction
b) extension and flexion
c) abduction and adduction
d) flexion and adduction
e) pronation and supination
C
67) Which motions can be made by the upper limbs but NOT by the lower limbs?
a) pronation and supination
b) flexion and extension
c) adduction and abduction
d) lateral and medial rotation
A
68) Tim ate something that is not agreeing with his digestive tract. He needs to go to the bathroom to defecate, but there is a line. What muscle helps keep the anal canal and anus closed?
a) bulbospongiosus.
b) ischiocavernosus
c) obturator internus
d) external anal sphincter
e) sphincter urethrovaginalis
D
69) Forcefully blowing through a trumpet would require contraction of which muscle?
a) buccinator
b) zygomaticus major
c) levator labii superiors
d) risorius
e) occipitofrontalis
A
71) Which of the following is a muscle whose insertion is found on the clavicle and acromion process of the scapula within the pectoral girdle?
a) trapezius
b) pectoralis major
c) latissimus dorsi
d) gracilus
e) sartorius
A
73) Based on its name, which of the following best describes characteristics of the biceps femoris muscle?
a) has two insertions and found in lower leg
b) has two bellies and found in the upper leg
c) has two origins and found in the upper leg
d) has two origins and found in the upper arm
e) has two insertions and found in the upper leg
C
74) The ______ are the synergist muscles to the diaphragm during inspiration.
a) external intercostals
b) external obliques
c) rectus abdominis
d) internal intercostals
e) internal obliques
A
75) This muscle, which is found in the neck, functions to elevate the hyoid bone and help press the tongue against the roof of the mouth during swallowing.
a) mylohyoid
b) sternothyroid
c) sternocleidomastoid
d) digastric
e) masseter
A
77) ) Your friend nods back and forth to you, making the yes motion. What lever system is being represented by this ‘yes’ motion?
a) First-class lever
b) Second-class lever
c) Third-class lever
A
78) Your friend nods back and forth to you, making the “yes” motion. What muscle actions on the head at the neck are involved in this ‘yes’ motion?
a) rotation and circumduction
b) lateral and medial rotation
c) extension and flexion
d) protraction and retraction
e) elevation and depression
C
80) “How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood” is difficult to say. What muscles work together to allow this to be spoken?
a) masseter, buccinators, temporalis, platysma
b) palatoglossus, styloglossus, genioglossus, hyoglossus
c) risorius, zygomaticus minor, zygomaticus major
d) mentalis, orbicularis oris, levator labii superioris
e) sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid
B
81) Robert is training for a track race. He slightly tears his calcaneal tendon. The doctors prescribe P.R.I.C.E. and give him medicine for inflammation and pain. Robert most likely has a
a) muscle sprain
b) muscle strain
c) repetitive strain injuries
d) plantar fasciitis
e) compartment syndrome
B
84) A woman complains of problems going up steps. Tests reveal hip extension weakness but no issues with hip flexion or knee flexion or extension. What muscle is most likely damaged?
a) Adductor magnus
b) Gluteus maximus
c) Gluteus medius
d) Semitendinosus
e) Sartorius
B
85) Due to the muscle attachments, a fracture to the ischial tuberosity would affect what lower limb movement?
a) adduction of the thigh
b) dorsiflexion of the foot
c) extension of the leg
d) flexion of the leg
e) abduction of the thigh
D
The attachment of a muscle’s tendon to the stationary bone is called the _______
origin
The attachment of the muscle’s other tendon to the movable bone is called the _______
insertion
The origin is usually _______ and the insertion_____
proximal and distal
T/F The insertion is usually pulled toward the origin
TRUE
The fleshy portion of the muscle between the tendons is called the_______
Belly
The ________ of a muscle is the main movement that occur when the muscle contracts.
action
