CHAPTER 16 Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems Flashcards
What is the definition of sensation?
is the conscious or subconscious
awareness of changes in the external or internal environment.
What is perception?
is the conscious interpretation of sensations and is primarily a function of the cerebral cortex
Each unique type of sensation such as touch, pain, vision, or hearing is called?
Sensory Modailty
The nature of a sensation and the type of reaction generated vary according to ___________________
the destination of sensory impulses in the CNS.
How many sensory modalities does a sensory neuron serve?
only 1
What 4 events need to occur for a sensation to arise?
stimulation
transduction
generation of impulses
integration.
What type of receptors consist of free nerve endings and encapsulated nerve endings, are associated with the general senses
Simple receptors
What types of receptors are associated with the special senses?
Complex receptors
Sensory receptors respond to stimuli by producing _______________
receptor potentials
Another way to group sensory receptors is based on the location of the receptors and the origin of the stimuli that activate them. What are the three locations?
Exteroceptors
Interoceptors
Proprioceptors
Where are Exteroceptors located and what stimulates them?
They are located at or near the external surface of the body
They are sensitive to stimuli originating outside the body and pro- vide information about the external environment.
Where are Interoceptors located and what activates them?
-located in blood vessels, visceral organs, muscles, and the nervous system and monitor conditions in the internal environment
- not consciously perceived
Where are Proprioceptors located and their function?
Located in muscles, tendons, and joints
They provide information about where your body is in space (balance)
What are the 6 types of receptors for stimulation detection?
Mechanoreceptors
Thermoreceptors
Nociceptors
Photoreceptors
Chemoreceptors
Osmoreceptors
What do Mechanoreceptors detect?
mechanical stimulation of the body
What do Thermoreceptors detect?
Changes in tempurature
What do Nociceptors detect?
Painful stimuli resulting from physical or chemical damage to tissue
What do Photoreceptors detect?
the light that strikes the retina of the eye
What do Chemoreceptors detect?
chemicals in the mouth (taste), nose (smell), and body fluids.
What do Osmoreceptors detect?
Osmotic pressure of body fluids
A characteristic of most sensory receptors is their ability to adapt what are the two types of adapting receptors?
Rapidly adapting receptors
Slowly adapting receptors
_________ are sensations that arise from stimulation of sensory receptors embedded in the skin or subcutaneous tissue; in mucous membranes of the mouth, vagina, and anus; and in skeletal muscles, tendons, and joints.
Somatic sensations
Somatic sensations that arise from stimulating the skin surface are called _____________
cutaneous sensations
The________ sensations include touch, pressure, vibration, itch, and tickle
tactile