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Hesi PN > maternity > Flashcards

maternity Flashcards

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1
Q

presumptive signs of pregnancy

A

amenorrhea
tired
enlarged breast
sore breast
increased urination
movement perceived
emesis and nausea

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2
Q

Probable signs of pregnancy

A

positive pregnancy test
return of fetus when tapped
online of fetus palpable
Braxton kids contractions
softening of cervix (goodells signs)
bluish color to cervix (Chadwicks sign)
lower uterine segment softens (hegar’s sign)
enlarged uterus

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3
Q

positive sign of pregnancy

A

fetal movement felt by HCP
electronic device detects hear sounds
delivery of the fetus
ultrasound detects fetus
HCP sees movement by fetus

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4
Q

Exams done for all pregnancies

A

blood type/rh factor
STI testing
glucose challenge
urinalysis
ultrasound
non stress test
group b strep
kick counts

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5
Q

When does a glucose tolerance test take place

A

28 weeks

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6
Q

what happens during a glucose tolerance test

A

drinks 50g of glucose
bs checked 1 hour later
if greater than 140 3 hour glucose test in performed

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7
Q

what happens in a 3 hour glucose test

A

done fasting
fasting sugar is checked
drink 100g of glucose
BS checked every our for 3 hours
sugar over 140 is gestational diabetes

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8
Q

What does a non stress test assess

A

fetal well-being and oxygenation of placenta
evaluates if there are changes in real heart rate wit movement

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9
Q

what indicates a fetus will not tolerate labor

A

decrease in feta heart rate with movement

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10
Q

what is considered a reactive result for a NST

A

there are at least two accelerations of 15 beats per minutes for 15 seconds in a 20 minutes period

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11
Q

what is gravidity

A

number of pregnancies including current one

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12
Q

what is term

A

number of pregnancies carried to 27 weeks

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13
Q

what is Preterm

A

number of preterm births between 20 and 36+6 weeks gestation

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14
Q

what is abortion

A

number of pregnancies ending prior to 19+ 6
includes abortion and miscarriage

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15
Q

what is hyperemesis gravidarum

A

intense morning sickness with intractable nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

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16
Q

when to be concerned about hyperemesis gravidarum

A

weight loss
dehydration
hypernatemia (dehydration)
hypokalemia (vomiting)
hypochloremia (vomiting)

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17
Q

management of hyperemesis management

A

dietary changes
medications
ivf
tan/il

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18
Q

dietary changes for hyperemesis gravidium

A

sit up after meals
few crackers before getting out of bed
small portions
no liquids with meals
nothing spicy, too hot, too cold

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19
Q

what is preeclampsia

A

> 20 weeks gestation
blood pressure >140/90 2 times 4 hours apart
protein in urine

leads to seizures

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20
Q

signs of preeclamsia

A

edema
weight gain
headache
abdominal pain
blurry vision
proteinuria

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21
Q

management of preeclampsia

A

delivery
antihypertensives
prepare for a preterm baby

22
Q

how do you prepare for preterm baby

A

magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures in mom
betamathasone to help babies lungs

23
Q

what antihypertensives can be given during pregnancy

A

labetalol
nifedipine
hyralazine

24
Q

What is gestational diabetes

A

diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy
pancreas can’t handle increased insulin requirement
change in carbohydrate metabolism

25
Q

complications of gestational diabetes

A

higher birth weight
preeclamsia
low blood sugar

26
Q

how to manage gestational diabetes

A

control with diet and exercise
monitor blood glucose
-baby at risk for hypoglycemia

27
Q

symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy

A

dizziness or fainting
nausea or vomiting
loss of appetite
abdominal or pelvic pain

28
Q

management of ectopic pregnancy

A

prevent rupture
methotrexate
rh retus

29
Q

what does methotrexate do

A

stops embryo from growing
aborts fetus

30
Q

What is station

A

how far down in the birth canal the baby is in relation to ischial spine (most narrow spot) =0
above is negative below is positive

31
Q

Interventions for non-reassuring fetal heart rate

A

lay mother on left
increase IV fluids
O2
notify provider
discontinue Pitocin

32
Q

reassuring labor signs

A

normal fetal heart rate
moderate variability
accelerations

33
Q

non-reassuring labor signs

A

fetal tachycardia
fetal bradycardia
decreased variability
variable decelerations
late decelerations

34
Q

What is placenta previa

A

placenta fully covers cervix

35
Q

assessment of placenta previa

A

painless bright red bleeding
pad counts (amount)
observe clots or color
ultrasound

36
Q

placenta previa interventions

A

don not perform vaginal exam
monitor for blood loss
weigh pads
bed rest
monitor baby
c-section indicated in most cases

37
Q

Types of placenta abruptia

A

complete
incomplete

38
Q

what is found in incomplete placenta abruptia

A

partial separation of placenta
causes internal bleeding
blood backs up behind placenta

39
Q

what is found with complete placenta abruptia

A

causes massive external bleeding
very painful

40
Q

Assessment finding placenta abruptia

A

dark red bleeding
intense abdominal pan
board like abdomen
rigid uterus
hypotension
maternal tachycardia
fetal bradycardia (fetal distress)

41
Q

interventions for placenta abruptia

A

monitor for fetal distress
monitor maternal bleeding
keep BP up with IVF or blood products
prepare for delivery most likely C-section

42
Q

what is a prolapsed cord

A

cord slips through the cervix and into the vagina after rupture of membranes and before baby descends into the birth canal

43
Q

what happens to a prolapsed cord during delivery

A

it becomes compressed by presenting part of fetus cutting of oxygen

44
Q

assessment of prolapsed cord

A

can visually see it
in exam something is squishy, pulsing or mom feels something

45
Q

nursing intervention for prolapsed cord

A

elevate presenting part of fetus off the cord
keep your hand on the baby head lifting it up and call for help
knees to chest (opens pelvis)
trendelenburk (let gravity shift baby off cord)
O2
wrap cord in sterile towel
never attempt to push cord back in
emergency C-section

46
Q

Risk factors for post party hemorrhage

A

twins or triplets
macrocosmic fetus
preeclamsia
prolonged labor
use of forecasts or vacuums during delivery
placenta previa
placenta abruptia

47
Q

what is a boggy uterus

A

uterus that is not contracting to clamp down on the blood vessels
feels soft instead of hard

48
Q

signs of shock

A

decreased LOC
pale
diaphoretic
hypotensive
tachycardia

49
Q

assessment of PPH

A

boggy uterus
blood loss (saturate a pad every 15 minutes)
shock

50
Q

Interventions for PPH

A

massage the fudus every 15 minutes at minimum
estimate blood loss
monitor hemoglobin and hematocrit
ocytocin
methylegonovine
blood products

Hesi PN (24 decks)

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