Diet and nutrition Flashcards
What should diabetics eat
Low Carb
complex carbs
high proteins
fruits
veggies
eat before exercise
how many carbs should a diabetic eat at meals
60
When is a high protein diet needed
nephrotic syndrome (other kidney issues are low protein)
cystic fibrosis
When is a low protein diet needed
hepatits
hepatic coma
cirrhosis
glomerulonephritis
When is a low cholesterol diet needed
Hyperlipidemia
CAD
heart disease
what foods are high in cholesterol
red meats
polyunsaturated fats- vegetable oil
When is a high iron diet needed
iron deficient anemia
pregnant women
Foods high in iron
liver
mushrooms
broccoli
nuts
dried fruit
dark leafy greens
oats
tofu
legumes
When is a high fiber diet needed
constipation
irritable bowel syndrome
CAD
When is a low fiber diet needed
crohns
ulcerative colitis
When is a high potassium diet needed
low potassium levels
on potassium wasting diuretics
cushings
NGT to suction
vomiting
diarrhea
hyperinsulinism
High potassium foods
avacados
oranges
salmon
dried beans
When is a low potassium diet needed
high potassium levels
adrenal insufficiency
renal failure
DKA
drugs that increase potassium levels
What drugs increase potassium levels
ACE inhibitors
NSAIDS
spirolactone
When is a high calcium diet needed
low calcium levels
causes of low calcium levels
renal failure
malnutrition
malabsorption
alcoholism
vitamin d deficiency
hypoparathyroidism
hyperphosphatemia
Calcium rich foods
cheese
ice cream
soy
green veggies
tofu
almonds
vitamin D rich foods
tuna oily fish
cod liver oil
egg yolk
calcium and vitamin d rich foods
milk
yogurt
sardines
salmon
cereal
When is a low calcium diet needed
high calcium levels
causes of high calcium levels
cancer of the bones
thinned diureticcs
glucocorticoids
immobility
kidney stones
vitamin D toxicity
hyperparathyroidism
hypophosphatemia
When is a high phosphorus diet needed
low phosphorus levels
causes of low phosphorus
malnutrition
starvation
refeeding syndrome
alcoholism
TPN
hyperparathyroidism
Foods high in phosphorus
Dairy
beans
meat
nuts
seeds
grains
frequent causes of low phosphorus
renal failure
tumor lysis syndrome
hypoparathyroidism
When is a high sodium diet needed
losing salt-addisons
hyponatremia
When is a low sodium diet needed
Heart failure
high Blood pressure
cirrhosis
edema
kidney disease
What is the DASH diet
low sodium
high calcium
high potassium
low fat
high fiber
what is the goal of the dash diet
stop hypertentions
What is a heart healthy diet
low fat
low salt
low cholesterol
complex carbs
non-starchy veggies
proteins
When is a heart healthy diet needed
heart disease
MI
high cholesterol
high bmi
metabolic syndrome
CAD
What does a renal diet consist of
low sodium
low phosphorus
low protein
When is a gluten free diet needed
celiac disease
gluten
Foods with Gluten
farro
burger wheat
triticale
rye
barley
spelt
kamut
semolina
oats
wheat
gluten free foods
quinoa
amaranth
buckwheat
sorghum
rice
millet
teff
corn
gf oats
What is a clear liquid diet
foods and liquids that are transparent and liquid at body temperature
what is included in clear liquids
water-based nor pulp free fruit posicles
pedialyte
sports drinks
water
ice chips
tea without cream
apple juice (pulp free)
black coffee
basic broth
plain jello
What is included I a full liquid diet
ice cream
strained soups
sherbert
milk pudding
custards
refined cooked cereals
strained vegetable juices
Reasons for mechanical soft diet
facilitate mastication
swallowing problems
dentition problems
