Diet and nutrition Flashcards by Stephanie Richards

What should diabetics eat

Low Carb
complex carbs
high proteins
fruits
veggies
eat before exercise

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how many carbs should a diabetic eat at meals

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When is a high protein diet needed

nephrotic syndrome (other kidney issues are low protein)
cystic fibrosis

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When is a low protein diet needed

hepatits
hepatic coma
cirrhosis

glomerulonephritis

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When is a low cholesterol diet needed

Hyperlipidemia
CAD
heart disease

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what foods are high in cholesterol

red meats
polyunsaturated fats- vegetable oil

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When is a high iron diet needed

iron deficient anemia
pregnant women

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Foods high in iron

liver
mushrooms
broccoli
nuts
dried fruit
dark leafy greens
oats
tofu
legumes

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When is a high fiber diet needed

constipation
irritable bowel syndrome
CAD

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When is a low fiber diet needed

crohns
ulcerative colitis

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When is a high potassium diet needed

low potassium levels
on potassium wasting diuretics
cushings
NGT to suction
vomiting
diarrhea
hyperinsulinism

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High potassium foods

avacados
oranges
salmon
dried beans

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When is a low potassium diet needed

high potassium levels
adrenal insufficiency
renal failure
DKA
drugs that increase potassium levels

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What drugs increase potassium levels

ACE inhibitors
NSAIDS
spirolactone

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When is a high calcium diet needed

low calcium levels

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causes of low calcium levels

renal failure
malnutrition
malabsorption
alcoholism
vitamin d deficiency
hypoparathyroidism
hyperphosphatemia

Calcium rich foods

cheese
ice cream
soy
green veggies
tofu
almonds

vitamin D rich foods

tuna oily fish
cod liver oil
egg yolk

calcium and vitamin d rich foods

milk
yogurt
sardines
salmon
cereal

When is a low calcium diet needed

high calcium levels

causes of high calcium levels

cancer of the bones
thinned diureticcs
glucocorticoids
immobility
kidney stones
vitamin D toxicity
hyperparathyroidism
hypophosphatemia

When is a high phosphorus diet needed

low phosphorus levels

causes of low phosphorus

malnutrition
starvation
refeeding syndrome
alcoholism
TPN
hyperparathyroidism

Foods high in phosphorus

Dairy
beans
meat
nuts
seeds
grains

frequent causes of low phosphorus

renal failure tumor lysis syndrome hypoparathyroidism

When is a high sodium diet needed

losing salt-addisons hyponatremia

When is a low sodium diet needed

Heart failure high Blood pressure cirrhosis edema kidney disease

What is the DASH diet

low sodium high calcium high potassium low fat high fiber

what is the goal of the dash diet

stop hypertentions

What is a heart healthy diet

low fat low salt low cholesterol complex carbs non-starchy veggies proteins

When is a heart healthy diet needed

heart disease MI high cholesterol high bmi metabolic syndrome CAD

What does a renal diet consist of

low sodium low phosphorus low protein

When is a gluten free diet needed

celiac disease gluten

Foods with Gluten

farro burger wheat triticale rye barley spelt kamut semolina oats wheat

gluten free foods

quinoa amaranth buckwheat sorghum rice millet teff corn gf oats

What is a clear liquid diet

foods and liquids that are transparent and liquid at body temperature

what is included in clear liquids

water-based nor pulp free fruit posicles pedialyte sports drinks water ice chips tea without cream apple juice (pulp free) black coffee basic broth plain jello

What is included I a full liquid diet

ice cream strained soups sherbert milk pudding custards refined cooked cereals strained vegetable juices

Reasons for mechanical soft diet

facilitate mastication swallowing problems dentition problems