Critical care Flashcards

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1
Q

what is an endotracheal tube

A

invasive artificial airway when unable to protect their own airway
plastic tube inserted into the trachea through mouth or nose
maintains an airway to deliver oxygen and positive pressure
breathing tube

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2
Q

what must you know about ETT tube

A

should be verified by chest X-ray
assess for equal breath sounds bilaterally
can become displaced into the R main stem bronchus

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3
Q

What is a tracheostomy tube

A

artificial airway used for long-term needs
soma is made in the neck and the tube inserted in trachea

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4
Q

what is a tracheostomy tube used for

A

tracheal obstruction
slow vent weaning tracheal damage
neuromuscular damage

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5
Q

must know for tracheostomy tube

A

infection prevention
only suction to premeasured depth
dont suction longer than 10 seconds
suctioning too deep can cause larynngospasm
daily trash care and suctioning
keep a back up at the table

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6
Q

what is peak inspiratory pressure

A

highest pressure in the lungs during inhalation

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7
Q

what is positive end expiratory pressure

A

amount of pressure in the alveoli at the end of expiration

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8
Q

what is fraction of inspired oxygen

A

how much oxygen the patient is getting 21-100 percent

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9
Q

what is tidal volume

A

the amount of air that is inhaled during one respiratory cycle

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10
Q

what is end-tidal carbon dioxide

A

the partial pressure of CO2 detected at the end of exhalation

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11
Q

what is room air

A

the atmospheric air we breath under normal circumstances 21%

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12
Q

What is a volume controlled ventilator mode

A

there is a certain volume of air delivered to the patient with each breath

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13
Q

what is pressure controlled ventilator mode

A

the lungs are inflated to a certain pressure

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14
Q

what is cpap

A

continuous positive airway pressure

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15
Q

what is bipap

A

bilevel positive airway pressure

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16
Q

what causes high ventilator alarms

A

coughing
gagging
bronchospasm
fighting the ventilator
ETT occlusion
kink in the tubing
increased secretions
thick secretions
water in ventilator circuit

17
Q

what causes a low pressure ventilator alarm

A

tube is disconnected
loose connections
leak
extubation
cuffed ETT or trash is deflated
poorly fitting CPAP/BIPAP

18
Q

eye opening GCS scale

A

spontaneous 4
to sound 3
to pressure 2
none 1

19
Q

verbal response GCS

A

oriented 5
confused 4
words 3
sound 2
none 1

20
Q

motor response GCS

A

obey commands 6
localizing 5
normal flexion 4
abnormal flexion 3
extension 2
none 1`

21
Q

What is normal GCS

A

15

22
Q

what is mild injury GCS

A

13-15

23
Q

what is moderate injury GCS

A

9-12

24
Q

What is severe injury GCS

A

<* intubate