Mammals Flashcards
Which of these clades are considered mammals?
A. Eutherians
B. Metatherians
C. Amniotherians
D. Prototherians
A, B, D
Metatherians are:
A. Monophyletic
B. Tetraphyletic
C. Polyphyletic
D. Paraphyletic
A. Monophyletic
Metatherians (marsuipals) are monophlyetic because a clade is a group of organisms that includes a common ancestor
Paraceratherium was the largest living:
A. Aves
B. Mammal
C. Reptile
D. Shark
B. Mammal
What is the role of Sebaceous glands?
lubrication of skin and hair
____ are solid, shed seasonally, and are made of bone.
A. Horns
B. Scales
C. Antlers
D. Osteoderms
C. Antlers
Which of these modifications are associated with mammals?
A. Fused clavicles, large keel on sternum
B. Spongey centre spines, scales, hollow horns
C. Antlers, osteoderms, spongey centred spines
D. cutaneous respiration, aposematism
B. Spongey centre spines, scales, hollow horns
Horns are made of keratin or bone?
Keratin
What are the two types of glands used for cooling?
A. Eccrine & Exocrine
B. Apocrine & Exocrine
C. Endocrine & Apocrine
D. Eccrine & Apocrine
D. Eccrine & Apocrine
Eccrine glands:
A. found on most of the body and open directly onto skin surface
B. open into hair follicle
C. secrete substances into a ductal system
D. type of mammory gland triggered by prolactin
A. found on most of the body and open directly onto skin surface
Apocrine glands open into ____ leading to skin surface
hair follicles
Prototherians are:
a. ancestral chordates
b. monotremes
c. marsupials
d. placental
B. monotremes
think reptile like traits
Metatherians are:
a. ancestral chordates
b. monotremes
c. marsupials
d. placental
C. marsupials
M & M
Differentiated cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and caudal vertebrae are associated with which group?
Mammals
Highly differentiated and regionalization of the vertebrae is associated with:
Mammals
Both birds and mammals have complete separation of ____.
Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
The systemic circuit pumps blood from heart to _____ back to heart.
body
The pulmonary circuit pumps blood from heart to _____ back to heart.
lungs
Double pumping means ____ separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
complete
Mammals and crocodiles have a _____.
A. complex glandular system
B. 4 chambered heart with incomplete separation
C. Prolactin hormone
D. Muscular diaphrahm
D. Muscular diaphrahm
Unlike amphibians, mammals have a ____ pressure breathing
A. positive gradient
B. negative gradient
C. passive gradient
D. countercurrent gradient
B. negative gradient
A change of concentrations will always move from high to low. T/F
True
For mammals, breathing in is an ___ process while breathing out is a ___ process.
active, passive
Muscles controlling thoracic cavity relax and reduces the volume. Which causes air pressure to:
A. equalise
B. increase
C. decrease
D. deflate
B. increase
In mammals, breathing out causes:
A. Muscles controlling thoracic cavity relax and reduces the volume, causes air pressure to increase
B. lower air pressure in lungs below external air
C. Muscle expansion in the thoracic cavity causing lower air pressure
D. air to flow through nostrils and mouth, down trachea, bronchi and bronchioles into alveoli
A. Muscles controlling thoracic cavity relax and reduces the volume, causes air pressure to increase
The role of kidneys is to filter urea waste from ___
blood
The organ that attach to ureters and drains nitrogenous waste to bladder is called
kidney
tubules arranged in highly organized manner and closely associated with network of capillaries
Kidney
Fish excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of ___, reptiles in the form of ___, and mammals in the form of ____.
A. ammonia, uric acid, urea
B. Uric acid, dark urine, ammonia
C. Uric acid, ammonia, urea
D. ammonia, urine, uric acid
A. ammonia, uric acid, urea
Osmoregulation in mammal metanephric kidneys is controlled by + or - feedback hormones
negative
heterogametic chromosomes means:
♂ X and Y
homogametic chromosomes mean
♀ 2 X chromosomes
Monotremes are
a. viviparous
b. oviparous
c. ovoviviparous
b. oviparous
All mammals have 4 limbs except
A. Cetaceans
B. Eulipotophyta
C. Pinnipedia
D. Chiroptera
A. Cetaceans
Two occipital condyles where neck attaches to vertebrae means turning is limited, T/F?
True
Which classes have a pinna?
A. reptiles & amphibians
B. chondrichthyes
C. all chordata
D. mammals only
D. mammals only
Which mammalian order is the largest?
A. Eulipotophyla
B. Rodentia
C. Chiroptera
D. Primates
B. Rodentia
