Chelicerates

Question 1

“<b>Do horsecrabs have book gills?</b>”

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

“<b>What is aHypostome?<br></br></b><img></img><b><br></br></b>”

Answer 2

mouthpart in Lxodia

Question 3

“<div><div><b>Which of the following are the living classes within the phylum Arthropoda?</b></div></div><br></br><div><div><div><div><div>Polychaeta</div></div></div><div><div><div>Brachiopoda</div></div></div><div><div><div>Chelicerata</div></div></div><div><div><div>Crustacea</div></div></div><div><div><div>Myriapoda</div></div></div><div><div><div>Hexapoda</div></div></div></div></div>”

Answer 3

<div><div><div><div>Chelicerata</div></div></div></div>

<div><div><div><div>Crustacea</div></div></div></div>

<div><div><div><div>Myriapoda</div></div></div></div>

<div><div><div><div>Hexapoda</div></div></div></div>

Question 4

“<div><div><b>What is the advantage of having jointed appendages?</b></div></div><br></br><div><div><div><div><div>They do not require muscles to move them.</div></div></div><div><div><div>They can bend.</div></div></div><div><div><div>They provide extra layers of protection.</div></div></div></div></div>”

Answer 4

they can bend

Question 5

“<b>In terrestrial arthropods, the respiratory system consists of tubes called ___that have exterior openings called____</b>”

Answer 5

trachea, spiricules

Question 6

“<b>Aposematism?<br></br></b><img></img><b><br></br></b>”

Answer 6

warning colouration

Question 7

“<b>Which Chelicerate has no book lungs/gills and has a long probiscus for feeding?</b><img></img>”

Answer 7

“<b>Class Pycnogonida (</b><span>Order Pantopoda)</span>”

Question 8

“<b><div><span>Venoms of chelicerates are important for</span><span><br></br></span><span>Bioprospecting or Biomonitoring</span></div></b><br></br><img></img>”

Answer 8

Bioprospecting

Question 9

“<b><div><span>Which of the following are the living classes within the phylum Arthropoda?</span></div><br></br><div><span>Polychaeta, Brachiopoda, Chelicerata, Crustacea, Myriapoda, Hexapoda</span></div></b>”

Answer 9

“<b><div><span>Chelicerata, Crustacea, Myriapoda, Hexapoda</span></div></b>”

Question 10

“<b>what is classClass Pycnogonida</b>”

Answer 10

sea spiders

Question 11

“<b>what isOrder Pantopoda</b>”

Answer 11

sea spiders

Question 12

“<b>What is the Haller’s Organ?<br></br></b><img></img>”

Answer 12

“The Haller’s Organ is found in Lyxodia (ticks). It’s a sensory cavity at the end of the first pair of legs.<br></br><br></br>”

Question 13

“<b>What are 3 ways Arthropods more evolutionary advanced than Annelids?</b>”

Answer 13

“Segmentation<br></br>Annelids have metametric segementation (organ repition) while arthropods have specfic segments for different functions<br></br><br></br>Respiration<br></br>Annelids breathe across body surface while arthropods have trachea and gills<br></br><br></br>Locomotion<br></br>Annelids move by parapodia, arthropods move with jointed appendages<br></br>”

Question 14

“<b>Name several (6) adaptations that helped Arthropods transition to land</b>”

Answer 14

“<ol><li>Waxy cuticle</li><li>Book lungs & tracheae -Respiriatory organs inside body</li><li>Appendages & strong muscles</li><li>Sensory adaptations</li><li>Terresterial internal fertilization, Oviparous</li><li>Thermoregulatory adaptations (diapause)</li></ol>”

Question 15

“<b>How do Lxodia feed?<br></br></b><img></img>”

Answer 15

“Haller’s organ on first leg detects prey <br></br>Hypostome inserted and anchors <br></br>”

Question 16

“<b>What is aChelae?<br></br></b><img></img>”

Answer 16

Modified chelicerae into a pincer<br></br><br></br>Ex.) crabs, scorpions, daddy long legs

Question 17

“<b>What is Diaxial vs Paraxial?<br></br></b><img></img><img></img>”

Answer 17

“Araneomorphs - Diaxal: diagonal pinching<br></br>Mygalomorph - Paraxial: downwards”

Question 18

“<b>What areNephrotoxins?</b>”

Answer 18

Toxins affecting kidneys

Question 19

“<b>Describe class Merostomata? (</b>Order Xiphosura)<br></br><img></img>”

Answer 19

“<b>Horseshoe Crabs</b><br></br><ul><li>Convergent with true crabs, but not true crabs</li><li>Fused cephalophorax/prosoma</li><li>10 eyes</li><li>5 pairs of legs</li><li>Chelae</li><li>Book Gills</li><li>Blood important for covid & meningitis vaccine, many pharamcuetical purposes due to presence of ameobyctes that detect endotoxins</li><li>Blue blood from high copper content</li></ul><br></br>”

Question 20

“<b>DescribeClass Pycnogonida (</b>Order Pantopoda)<br></br><img></img><br></br>”

Answer 20

“<b>Sea Spiders</b><br></br><ul><li>Respiration via diffusion (not book gills?)</li><li>Not related to land spideres</li><li>Long probiscus for feeding</li><li>4 ocelli</li><li>4-6 pairs of legs</li></ul><img></img><br></br>”

Question 21

“<div style=""><b>What are the 6 Arachnida orders?</b></div>”

Answer 21

“<ol><li><div style="">Acarina(mites/ticks): Parasitic, Hypostome mouth part</div><i><div style=""><i>Lxodia</i> - ticks. haller’s organ</div></i><i><div style=""><i>Mites</i> - no eyes, no mouth anchorage</div></i></li><li style="">Amblypygi (whip scorpions): no venom/silk, front legs act like antennae, pincer like chelicerae.</li><li style="">Solifugae (camel spiders): no silk/venom, large chelicerae for stridulation</li><li style="">Opiliones (daddy long legs): no silk/venom, 2 eyes, 3 tagmata fused into 1, scent gland in head</li><li style="">Scorpions:Telson - stinger w/ venom glands. Metasoma - last 5 body segements. <b>not oviparous</b><br></br></li><li style="">Araneae (spiders): Chelicerae modified into fangs, venom, spinnerets, silk</li></ol><b><div style=""><br></br></div><br></br><br></br></b><b><br></br></b>”

Question 22

“<div style=""><b>Taxonomic Ranks of Phlyum Athropoda?</b></div>”

Answer 22

“<div style=""><div style=""><b><div style=""><b><div style=""><span>Subphylum</span></div></b></div></b><br></br></div><ul style=""><li style=""><div style=""><span>Chelicerata</span></div></li><ul style=""><li><div style=""><span>Arachnida:</span></div></li><ul><li><div style=""><span>Araneae</span></div></li><li><div style=""><span>Acarina</span></div></li><li><div style=""><span>Opiliones</span></div></li><li><div style=""><span>Amblypygi</span></div></li><li><div style=""><span>Solifugae</span></div></li><li><div style=""><span>Scorpions</span></div></li></ul><li><div style=""><span>Pycnogonida:</span></div></li><ul><li><div style=""><span>Pantopoda: </span><span>sea spiders</span></div></li></ul><li><div style=""><span>Merostomata:</span></div></li><ul><li><div style=""><span></span><span>Xiphosura</span><span>: </span><span>horseshoe crabs</span></div></li></ul></ul><li style=""><div style=""><span>Myriapoda</span></div></li><ul style=""><li><div style=""><span>Chilopoda:</span><span> </span><span>centipedes</span></div></li><li><div style=""><a><span>Diplopoda</span></a><span>:</span><span><i></i></span><a><span>millipedes</span></a></div></li></ul><li style=""><div style=""><span>Crustacea</span></div></li><ul style=""><li><div style=""><span>Remipedia</span></div></li><li><div style=""><span>Cephalocarida</span></div></li><li><div style=""><span>Branchiopoda</span></div></li><li><div style=""><span>Maxillopoda</span></div></li><li><div style=""><span>Malacostraca</span><span>: </span><span>isopods, crabs</span></div></li></ul><li style=""><div style="">Hexapoda<br></br><span>Insecta</span></div></li></ul></div>”

Question 23

“<b>Do arthropods have a coleom?</b>”

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

“<b>Describe the relation of an open circulatory system and hameocel and the differences in arthropoda vs mollusca</b>”

Answer 24

Open circulatory system means blood or haemolpmyh not enclosed in vessels, so flows through cavity called hameocel.<br></br><br></br>In hexapoda and myriapoda, heamolmpyh has no pigments and is not oxygenated, it carries nutrients instead<br></br><br></br>in myridapoda, the haemocel acts as a reduced body cavity<br></br><br></br>All molluscs have open except for cephalopods, but their blood is oxygenated carried into haemocel

Question 25

“<b><div><span>Class Merostomata (</span><span>Order Xiphosura) is important for pharmaceuticals because?</span></div><div><br></br></div></b>”

Answer 25

“<b><div><span>Horseshoe Crabs</span></div><div><span>Blue blood with high copper content important</span><span>for vaccines abd many pharmaceutical purposes due to presence of</span><span>amebocytes that detect endotoxins</span></div></b>”