Annelida Flashcards
How do Annelid subclass Hirudinea (leeches) feed?
Use oceli, smell, and mechanoreceptors (water disturbance) to detect food
Engulf prey whole or stab withprobiscis
Secretehirudin (anticoloauglant) and an anaesthetic in saliva
Store blood in caeca which drops off when full
“<b>How do annelids move?</b>”
“Contracting longitunidnal and circiular muslcesaround segments likeperistalsis”
“<b>Which Annelid class has many parapodia?</b>”
Polychaetae (marine bristle worms)
“<b>The annelid body plan can be described as which of the following?<br></br></b><br></br><div><div><div>A sac with an opening at one end.</div></div></div><div><div><div>A single tube lined by epithelium.</div></div></div><div><div><div>Acoelomate.<br></br>A tube within a tube.</div></div></div><br></br>”
<div><div><div>A tube within a tube</div></div></div>
“<b>Annelids move by contracting the ___muscles around their segments.</b>”
longitudinal
“<b>Annelid segments are divided from one another internally by?</b>”
Septa
“<b>Describe Annelids (11 traits)</b>”
“<ul><li>help breakdown organic matter & increase soil porosity</li><li><b>metameric segmentation</b> across body (tissue repetition)<br></br></li><li>Segements seperated by septa = rings</li><li>Closed circulatory system</li><li>Hydrostatic skeleton<br></br></li><li>Protostome</li><li>Cerebral ganglia (primitive brain)</li><li>Nephridium (excretory organ)<br></br></li><li>Hermaprodites reproduce sexually or asexually via fragmentation</li><li>No exoskeleton (chitin cuticle)</li><li><b>Circular & longitudinal muscles = directed movements</b></li></ul>”
“<b>Describe Annelids primitive brains & purpose<br></br></b><img></img>”
“Annelids have a cerebral ganglion network that connects to the ventral nerve cord. These nerve segments branch off into each body segment. <br></br><br></br>This helps with movement.”
“<b>Describe Class Polychaeta<br></br></b>feeding types, head regions, locomotion, digestive system, feeding parts, suckers, circulatory system<br></br><img></img>”
“<div style=""><b>Bristle Worms</b></div><ul><li style="">All feeding types</li><li style="">Respiration via diffusion or parapodia (bristleworms)</li><li style="">2 head regions - Prostonium & Peristonium</li><li style="">Complete digestive system</li><li style="">Open circulatory system</li><li style="">Parapodia on most segments: muscular bristles for movement</li><li style="">No suckers</li><li style="">Pharynx, tentacles and palps for feeding<br></br></li><li style="">Greatest cephalization</li><li style="">Some have jaws & nuerotoxic venom</li><li style="">Some are selective deposit feeders and non selective</li></ul><div style=""><br></br></div><div style=""><img></img></div>”
“<b>Describe Polychaeta parapodia<br></br></b><img></img>”
“<ul><li>Occur on most segments</li><li>Movement, respiration and reproduction</li><li>Notopodium = dorsal lobe used for respiration and locomotion</li><li>Neuropodium = ventral lobe used in locomotion</li><li>Respiration across body surface or parapodia gills</li><li>Chaetae for gripping the substrate</li><li>Cirri = fused bundles of cilia; sense pressure waves</li></ul>”
“<b>Notopodium vs Nueropodium<br></br></b><img></img><b><br></br></b>”
“Branched lobe of parapodia in Annelids<br></br><ul><li>Notopodium= dorsal lobe used for respiration and locomotion</li><li>Neuropodium= ventral lobe used in locomotion</li></ul>”
“<b>What are cirri?<br></br></b><img></img>”
Fused bundles of cilia; sense pressure waves on parapodia in Annelids
“<b>Which Annelid has the greatest cephalization?<br></br></b><img></img>”
Polychaeta
“<b>What are the 2 types of deposit feeders in Polycheata?</b>”
“Feeds on organic matter in substrate<br></br><br></br>Selective: (ornate worm - Amphitrite ornata)<br></br>mucous secretions on tentacles; cilia transport food to mouth<br></br><br></br>Non-selective: (lungworms Arenicola sp.)<br></br>reduced parapodia”
“<b>Are annelids cuticle made of Chitin?</b>”
No, non chitnous
“<b>Are Polychaeta hermaphrodites? What type of fertilization? Do they have permenant reproductive structures?</b>”
- not hermaphrodites (dioecious)<br></br>- Internal & extrernal fert, often broadcast spawning<br></br>- no permenant repoductive structures, seasonal
“<b>What is the role of a</b><b>caeca</b><b>?</b>”
stores undigested food
“<b>Describe Subclass Hirudinea (leeches)<br></br></b><img></img><br></br><br></br><span>Segment count</span><br></br><span>defining traits</span><br></br><span>repoduction</span><br></br><span>feeding<br></br></span>regeneration<br></br><span>mouth</span><br></br><span>body parts</span><br></br><span>prey detection</span>”
“<ul><li style="">34 segments</li><li style="">2 suckers on each end for movement and feeding</li><li style="">Caecae stores food</li><li style="">can’t regenerate</li><li style="">Hermaphrodites</li><li style="">Secrete cocoon (otheca like) with fertilised eggs from clitellum)</li><li style="">Engulf prey whole or stab with probiscis</li><li style="">Blade jaws<br></br></li><li style="">Secrete hirudin (anticoloauglant) and an anaesthetic in saliva</li><li style="">Stores blood, caecae drop off when full</li><li style="">Use oceli, smell, and mechanoreceptors (water disturbance) to detect food</li></ul>”
“<b>What are the defining differences between Clitella and Polycheata</b>”
“<b>Clitella:</b><br></br>Presence of a clitella<br></br>No parapodia or chetea<br></br>Hermaphrodites<br></br><br></br>Polycheata:<br></br>Many parapodia and chetea<br></br>”
Describe subclass Oligochaeta (earthworms)
locomotion
innovations
amazing regeneration
move via peristalsis
Major Innovation: full alimentary canal = complete digestion
respire across surface via moisture
Major innovation: excretion via metanephridia
no eyes
“<b>Which Annelid has a open circulatory system and a complete digestive system</b><br></br><img></img>”
Polychaeta (Bristle Worms)
“<b>Which Annelid respires via diffusion or parapodia?<br></br></b><img></img><b><br></br></b>”
Polychaeta
