Cnidaria Flashcards
What are two evolutionary developments Cnidaria have over Porifera?
Cnidaria have radial symmetry & have true tissues (Diplolastic - 2 germ layers
“<b>What is a Cnidaria’s simple mind? How do they move and sense environment?<br></br><br></br></b><img></img>”
“They don’t have brain, instead they have nerve net from simple tissues/nerves all over body<br></br><br></br>Sense enviorment actively and respond to tactile touch on nerve net.<br></br><br></br>Move away/towards stimulus by contracting/pulsing motion (jellyfish move)”
“<b>What are the layers of Cnidaria tissues?</b>”
“Ectoderm<br></br>Endoderm<br></br>Mesoglea - jelly like fake ““tissue””. not true tissue or mesoderm”
“<b>Describe Cnidaria (8 traits)</b>”
“<ul><li style=""><span>simple</span></li><li style=""><b>have true tissues</b>(germ layers)</li><li style="">seperate sexes (dieocious) and hermaphrodites</li><li style="">radial symmetry</li><li><div style="">Polymorphicw/ 2 different life phases:</div><div style="">Polyp<span>(sit & wait) &</span>Medusa<span>(hunting)</span></div></li><li style="">Cnidocytes- explosive venomous organ for prey capture/defense</li><li style="">Aceolomate (digestive compartment)</li><li style="">hydrostatic skeleton<span>(fluid pressure in body compartment)</span></li></ul>”
“<b>What type of socialization do Cnidaria have?</b>”
Solitary corals - one polyp mouth to feed<br></br><br></br>Colonial corals - many polyp mouths to feed (reefs with skeleton under tissues)
“<b>Describe the polymorphic bodies of Cnidaria (mouth, body shape, reproduction)</b>”
“Polyps - cylindical body, mouth on top surrounded by tentacles. sexual & asexual (budding/splittint)<br></br><br></br>Medusae - jellyfish like bell structure, mouth on bottom protected by tentacles. sexual repoduction only”
“<b>Describe the 2 componets of the stinging cells in Cnideria<br></br></b><img></img>”
“cnidocytes - tentacle arms<br></br><br></br>nematocytes - stinging capsules, explosive ball of pain, contains venomous arrow w/ sensor thread”
“<b>How are Cnidaria symbiotic?</b>”
“<u>Coral Reefs:</u><br></br><br></br>Photosynthesis = coral bleaching expelling the zooanthelle (protist algae)<br></br>”
“<b>What are the 5 classes of Cnideria?<br></br></b><br></br><img></img>”
“<b><u>Anthozoans (hexa/octo...corllia)</u></b><br></br>soliatry or social polyps, no medusa<br></br><img></img><br></br><br></br> <b>Subclass</b> <b>Hexacorallia</b>: <i>anemones & hard corals</i><br></br> not calcified but attached by pedal disc<br></br> asexual or sexually (spawning/maternal brooders)<br></br> some seasonally hermaphrodites<br></br> brooders - period of basic maternal care, larvae develop in mom<br></br> 6 tentacles (or multiples of 6)<br></br> calcified skeleton = coral reefs<br></br> zooanthelle<br></br><img></img><br></br><br></br><br></br><b>Subclass</b><b>Octocorallia</b>:<i>soft corals, sea fans</i><br></br> colonial only<br></br> 8 feathery tentacles and sclerites (fleshy internal skeleton)<br></br><img></img><br></br><br></br><br></br><u><b>Staurozoa </b>(</u><u>star jellyfish)</u><br></br>medusae only, trumpet stape <br></br>attaches to substrate with thin stalk shape<br></br>larvae creep along the ground (not free living)<br></br>sexual - gametes released into water<br></br><img></img><br></br><br></br><br></br><u><b>Hydrozoa </b>(portuguese man-o-war)<br></br></u>bioluminescent<br></br>asexual& sexual, colonial and solitary, some freshwater<br></br><img></img><br></br><br></br><i><b> Hydra sp</b></i>. <br></br> freshwatersolitarypolyp, no medusa<br></br> 2 types of nematocysts (envenomates & entagles prey)<br></br> <br></br><img></img><br></br><br></br> <b><i>Physalia physalis colony</i></b>(man of war)<br></br> Looks like a single organism, but <b>individual different polyps</b><br></br> <br></br><img></img><br></br><br></br><br></br><u><b>Scyphozoa</b> (true jellies, moon jelly)</u><br></br>four arms & four gastic pouches for balance<br></br>rhopalium<br></br>Medusa have tentacles around bell<br></br>*life cycle ofAurelia sp.<br></br><img></img><br></br><br></br><br></br><b><u>Cubozoa (box jelly)</u></b><br></br>cube-shaped medusa w/ tentacles form each corner<br></br>dominate medusa stage<br></br>opening restricted by a velarium<br></br>rhopalium<br></br>lethal venom<br></br><br></br><img></img>”
“<b>Describe the life cycle of a <i>Aurelia sp. </i></b>(Scyphozoa)<br></br><img></img><br></br><a><div></div></a>”
“<a></a><div><a></a><a></a><div style=""><a></a><div style=""><a></a><a>(Class<u>Scyphozoa)</u></a><a></a><div style=""><a></a><div style=""><a><br></br></a><ol><a></a><li><a></a><a></a><div><a></a><div style=""><a></a><div style=""><a></a><a><div style=""><div style="">Aurelia sp. are both sexual & asexual.</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li><a></a><div><a></a><a><div style="">Medusae are sexually mature & dioecious, they release gametes in the water</div></a></div></li><li><a><div>zygote develops into a larva and attaches to the sea floor (sexual stage) develops into a polyp.</div></a></li><li><div><a><div style="">Polyp (asexual stage) produce several clones via budding and drift away called ephyra (like juvenilles)</div></a></div></li></ol></div></div></div></div><a></a></div><div></div><div></div><div></div>”
“<b>Describe Anthozoans & the 2 subclasses</b>”
“<b><u>Anthozoans (hexa/octo...corllia)</u></b><br></br>soliatry or social polyps,no medusa<br></br><img></img><br></br><br></br> <b>Subclass</b><b>Hexacorallia</b>:<i>anemones & hard corals</i><br></br> not calcified but attached by pedal disc<br></br> asexual or sexually (spawning/maternal brooders)<br></br> some seasonally hermaphrodites<br></br> brooders- period of basic maternal care, larvae develop in mom<br></br> 6 tentacles (or multiples of 6)<br></br> calcified skeleton = coral reefs<br></br> zooanthelle<br></br><img></img><br></br><br></br><b>Subclass</b><b>Octocorallia</b>:<i>soft corals, sea fans</i><br></br> colonial only<br></br> 8 feathery tentacles andsclerites(fleshy internal skeleton)<br></br><img></img><br></br>”
“<b>DescribeScyphozoa<br></br></b><img></img>”
“<u><b>Scyphozoa</b>(true jellies, moon jelly)</u><br></br>four arms and four gastic pouches for balance<br></br>rhopalium -oceli & statocysts detect light<br></br>Medusa have tentacles around bell<br></br>*life cycle ofAurelia sp.<br></br>”
“<b>Describe Cubozoa<br></br></b><img></img>”
“<b><u>Cubozoa (box jelly)</u></b><br></br>cube-shaped medusa w/ tentacles form each corner<br></br>dominate medusa stage<br></br>opening restricted by a velarium<br></br>rhopalium -oceli & statocysts detect light<br></br>lethal venom”
“<b>DescribeHydrozoa & 2 species examples<br></br></b>”
“<u><b>Hydrozoa</b>(portuguese man-o-war)<br></br></u>bioluminescent<br></br>asexual& sexual, colonial and solitary, some freshwater<br></br><br></br><i><b></b></i><i><b>Hydra sp</b></i>.<br></br> freshwatersolitarypolyp,no medusa<br></br> attached by a pedal disc but can move<br></br> 2 types of nematocysts (envenomates & entagles prey)<br></br> sexual & asexual<br></br><img></img><br></br><br></br> <b><i>Physalia physalis colony</i></b>(man of war)<br></br> Looks like a single organism, but<b>individual different polyps</b><br></br> -dacylozooids: defense & prey capture<br></br> -pneumatophore: floatation<br></br> -gastrozooids:feeding<br></br> -gonozooids: reproduction<br></br><img></img>”
“<b>Describe Staurozoa<br></br></b><img></img>”
“<u><b>Staurozoa</b>(</u><u>star jellyfish)</u><br></br>medusae only, trumpet stape<br></br>attaches to substrate with thin stalk shape<br></br>larvae creep along the ground (not free living)<br></br>sexual - gametes released into water”
“<b><div><span>Describe Hydra sp.</span></div></b><img></img>”
“<div><span>freshwater solitary polyp,</span><span>no medusa</span></div><div><span>attached by a pedal disc but can move</span></div><div><span>2 types of nematocysts (envenomates & entagles prey)</span></div><div><span></span></div><br></br>”
“<b><div><span>Which was the first class to have true tissues?</span></div></b>”
Cnidaria
