Malabsorption/Chronic diarrhoea - 237 Flashcards
Where are chief cells located and what do the secrete?
Body of stomach and antrum - pepsinogen
Where are parietal cells located and what do the secrete?
Body of stomach - HCl and IF
What do the G and D cells located in the antrum secrete?
G - gastrin
D - somatostatin
What is chyme mixed with to form chylomicrons?
Bile
Name 3 things that are digested in the duodenum
Lipase, protease and glucose
Name 3 things that are absorbed in the duodenum
Iron, Ca, Mg, Zn
What does the liver make? What does it store?
Glucose and proteins.
Glycogen
Where are duct cells located and what do they secrete?
Pancreas. HCO3- and water
Where are acinar cells located and what do they secrete?
Pancreas. Pancreatic juice for macronutrient digestion
What happens to stool if it contains lipases?
Offensive, pale, greasy, steatorrhoea,
What is absorbed in both the jejunum and proximal ileum?
ADEK
What does the distal ileum absorb? What disease state is this relevant to?
IF/B12 complex. Pernicious anaemia
Where are bile salts absorbed?
Distal ileum
What prevents bacterial contamination of the ileum?
Iliocaecal valve
Where does CCK come from?
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon
Where does CCK target?
Pancreas and gall bladder
Where does gastrin target?
Parietal cells
Where is glucagon produced and where does it target?
Produced in pancreas, targets liver
What happens to unabsorbed lactose in the colon?
It has an osmotic effect drawing in water, causing watery stools. It is fermented by bacteria, causing gas and explosive stools
What digests lactose and what is it broken up into?
Lactase.
Glucose and galactose.
Give 2 possible causes of osmotic diarrhoea
Lactase deficiency
Mg ingestion
Give 3 possible causes of secretory diarrhoea
Cholera toxin
Absence of ion transporter
IBD
Coeliacs
Name a symptom and sign of B12 deficiency
Paraesthesia
Glossitis
Vitiligo is suggestive of a specific disease, what is it?
Pernicious anaemia
