Fungal Disease - 228

Question 1

Pathogenicity of Candida is associated with change from yeast form to what?

Answer 1

Pseudohyphal form

Question 2

Why is the PAS stain good for fungi?

Answer 2

High levels of carbohydrate

Question 3

Where is aspergillosis found?

Answer 3

Soil and organic matter

Question 4

Large doses of inhaled organic matter will induce what?

Answer 4

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (extrinsic allergic alveolitis)

Question 5

Pigeon fanciers and farmers are at risk of what?

Answer 5

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Question 6

What are the symptoms of Hypersensitivity pneumonitis and when do they start/stop?

Answer 6

Dyspnoea, cough, flu-like. Begin 4-6 hours post exposure

Relieved when exposure stops

Question 7

Low dose exposure to aspergillus in people with asthma or cystic fibrosis can result in what?

Answer 7

ABPA (allergic broncho-pulmonary aspergillosis

Question 8

How is invasive aspergillosis treated?

Answer 8

IV anti fungals - amphotercicn and flucytosine

Question 9

Aflatoxin grows on what and can cause what?

Answer 9

Mouldy peanuts

Can cause HCC

Question 10

Pityriasis versicolor is caused by what skin commensal?

Answer 10

Malassezia furfur

Question 11

What are some symptoms of Pityriasis versicolor?

Answer 11

Hyperpigmented or depigmented macules on trunk or proximal part of limbs

Question 12

How can you treat Pityriasis versicolor?

Answer 12

Topical - ketoconazole shampoo

Oral - Itraconazole or fluconazole

Question 13

Is Cryptococcis neoformans an encapsulated or ‘naked’ fungus? Where is it commonly found and how does the infection present?

Answer 13

Encapsulated.
Found in soil, pigeon droppings
CNS infection

Question 14

What fungal organism causes Pneumocystosis?

Answer 14

P. jiroveci (carinii)

Question 15

Pneumocystosis/ PCP (pneumonia) is a major cause of fungal infection in what group of people? How is it treated?

Answer 15

Immunocompromised - it is an AIDS related disease

Co-trimoxazole to treat

Question 16

What parts of the fungal structure can be targets for anti-fungals?

Answer 16

• Mannoproteins in cell wall
• B-glucans in cell wall
• Chitin
• Ergosterol

Question 17

How does Clomitrazole work?

Answer 17

Inhibits P450, ergosterol depletion (inhibits mem synthesis)

Question 18

What kind of fungal infections is Terbinafine mostly used for?

Answer 18

Skin infections

Question 19

What drug is most commonly used for oral candidiasis?

Answer 19

Nystatin

Question 20

What drug is mostly used for aspergillosis?

Answer 20

Voriconazole

Question 21

What drug do you NOT use for hair or nail infections

Answer 21

Clomitrazole

Question 22

What drug would you use to treat thrush and athletes foot?

Answer 22

Clomitrazole

Question 23

What drug is used for fungal nail infections?

Answer 23

Terbinafine