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Revision Notes - Year 2 > Heart Failure - 238 > Flashcards

Heart Failure - 238 Flashcards

1
Q

What drug, used for heart failure, has venodilator and diuretic properties and is used IV?

A

Furosemide

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2
Q

Name a used in heart failure which acts at the loop of Henle to inhibit sodium reabsorption

A

Furosemide

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3
Q

What drug used in heart failure inhibits the If channel in the sinus node?

A

Ivabradine

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4
Q

What is a potassium-sparing that can cause gynaecomastia and is used in heart failure?

A

Spironolactone

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5
Q

What can be useful in the assessment for hibernating myocardium and can also assess coronary perfusion?

A

Perfusion scintigraphy

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6
Q

What are the most commonly used beta blockers in heart failure?

A

bisoprolol

carvedilol

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7
Q

Give some reasons for using labetalol

A

Pregnancy

As an IV infusion for the rapid control of BP, e.g. in aortic dissection

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8
Q

What kind of drugs are candesartan and losartan?

A

Angiotensin II receptor antagonists

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9
Q

What must be done when commencing ACEI treatment?

Name a common side effect of this treatment

A

Monitor renal function for 2 weeks

Cough

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10
Q

When are ACEIs contraindicated?

A

Bilateral renal artery stenosis

Pregnancy

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11
Q

What drug is K sparing and can cause gynaecomastia?

A

Spironolactone

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12
Q

Name 2 drugs used in heart failure that can cause gynaecomastia

A

Digoxin

Spironolactone

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13
Q

What is Eisenmenger syndrome?

A

Pulmonary htn due to shunt

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14
Q

Give some classic symptoms of heart failure

A

Dyspnoea
Orthopnoea
Ascites
SoB

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15
Q

Give 5 symptoms/signs of LV failure

A

1) Dyspnoea
2) Orthopnoea
3) Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea
4) Displaced apex beat
5) Gallop rhythm

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16
Q

Give 4 symptoms/signs of RV failure

A

1) Oedema
2) Elevated JVP
3) Hepatomegaly
4) Ascites

17
Q

What is the ejection fraction in diastolic heart failure?

A

Normal

18
Q

What is diastolic heart failure associated with? More common in men or women? What is the heart size?

A

Diabetes, Htn
Women
Normal heart size

19
Q

When are BNP levels increased?

A

In response to myocardial wall stress

20
Q

How can heart failure be managed on a basic level?

A

Na restriction in diet
Fluid restriction
Limited alcohol consumption
Daily exercise

21
Q

Give 2 methods of treating heart failure symptomatically

A

Diuretics

Digoxin

22
Q

Give some drug treatment options for treating heart failure in a disease modifying way

A

ACEIs
beta blockers
Spironolactone (aldosterone receptor antagonists

23
Q

Impaired calcium reuptake suggests diastolic or systolic heart failure?

A

Diastolic

24
Q

Impaired storage and release of calcium suggests diastolic or systolic heart failure?

A

Systolic

Revision Notes - Year 2 (35 decks)

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