Major Body Systems Flashcards
What are the major structures of the skeletal system? (3)
Bones, joints, and cartilage
What are the major functions of the skeletal system? (3)
Supports and shapes the body.
Protects the internal organs.
Forms some blood cells and stores minerals.
What are the major structures of the muscular system? (3)
Muscles, fascia, and tendons
What are the major functions of the muscular system? (3)
Holds the body erect
Makes movement possible
Moves body fluids and generates body heat
What are the major structures of the cardiovascular system? (5)
Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and blood vessels
What are the major functions of the cardiovascular system? (2)
Blood circulates throughout the body to transport oxygen and nutrients to cells
And to carry waste products to the kidneys where waste is removed by filtration
What are the major structures of the lymphatic system? (3)
Lymph, lymphatic vessels, and lymph nodes
What are the major functions of the lymphatic system? (3)
Removes and transports waste products from the fluid between cells
Destroys harmful substances such as pathogens and cancer cells in the lymph nodes.
Return the filtered lymph to the bloodstream where is becomes plasma again.
What are the major structures of the immune system? (5)
Tonsils, spleen, thymus, skin, and specialized blood cells
What are the major functions of the immune system? (1)
Defends the body against invading pathogens and allergens
What are the major structures of the respiratory system? (5)
Nose, pharynx, trachea, larynx, and lungs
What are the major functions of the respiratory system? (2)
Brings oxygen into the body for transportation to the cells.
Removes carbon dioxide and some water waste from the body
What are the major structures of the digestive system? (7)
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, and pancreas
What are the major functions of the digestive system? (2)
Digests ingested food so it can be absorbed into the bloodstream
Eliminates solid waste
What are the major structures of the urinary system? (4)
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
What are the major functions of the urinary system? (2)
Filters blood to remove waste
Maintains the electrolyte and fluid balance within the body.
What are the major structures of the nervous system? (3)
Nerves, brain, and spinal cord
What are the major functions of the nervous system? (2)
Coordinates the reception of stimuli. Transmits messages throughout the body.
What are the major structures of special senses? (2)
Eyes and ears
What are the major functions of special senses? (1)
Receive visual and auditory information and transmit it to the brain
What are the major structures of the integumentary system? (3)
Skin, sebaceous glans, and sweat glands
What are the majors functions of the integumentary system? (2)
Protects body against invasion by bacteria.
Aids in regulating the body temperature and water content.
What are the major structures of the endocrine system? (8)
Adrenal glands, gonads, pancreas, parathyroids, pineal, pituitary, thymus, and thyroid.
What is the major function of the endocrine system?
Integrates all body functions
What are the major structures of the reproductive system?
Male: penis and testicles
Female: ovaries, uterus, and vagina
What is the major function of the reproductive system?
Produces new life
