Macrolides

Question 1

what do macrolides bind to?

Answer 1

50S bacterial ribosomal subunit

Question 2

which specific sRNA do macrolides bind to?

Answer 2

23 sRNA

Question 3

bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

Answer 3

bacteriostatic

Question 4

erythromycin A is what class of antibiotic?

Answer 4

macrolide

Question 5

T/F all second generation macrolides are derivatives of erythromycin A

Answer 5

True

Question 6

erythromycin A gram -? gram +?

Answer 6

both

Question 7

azithromycin gram -? gram +?

Answer 7

both, better for gram -, less active against gram +

Question 8

it effectively treats?

Answer 8

gonorrhea

Question 9

clarithromycin gram -? gram +?

Answer 9

more active towards both

Question 10

three mechanisms of Macrolide Resistance?

Answer 10

1) Target Modification
2) Drug Inactivation
3) Active efflux

Question 11

lincomycin is effective towards what infection?

Answer 11

staph infection

Question 12

what are the two antibiotics in the lincosamide family?

Answer 12

lincomycin and clindamycin

Question 13

Linezolid is most active towards which gram + pathogens?

Answer 13

MRSA and VRE

Question 14

linezolid has some gram - activity towards?

Answer 14

H. influenzae and legionella

Question 15

does linezolid have activity towards Enterobacteriaceae or Pseudomonas spp.?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

does linezolid have activity towards Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. avium complex?

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

chloramphenicol is naturally produced from?

Answer 17

streptomyces

Question 18

which isomer is the naturally occurring one?

a. R,R
b. R,S
c. S,S
d. S,R

Answer 18

R,R

Question 19

chloramphenicol is sometimes used for what infection?

Answer 19

bacterial meningitis

Question 20

Retapamulin is an approved topical treatment for?

Answer 20

impetigo caused by staph infection

Question 21

Fidaxomicin is effective against which bacteria?

Answer 21

clostridium difficile