Final notes Flashcards
what are normal vitals?
WBC 6,000 0 B 60 N 20 L 10M
what would be an example of a left shift?
10B from 0B
70N from 60N
10L from 20L
2M from 10M
what’s the main concern when combining antibiotics?
toxicity
linezolid and vancomycin treat gram _ and do not treat gram _
positive, negative
all gram negative infections can be treated with?
pip/tazobactam all aminoglycosides all fluoroquinolones aztreonam all carbapenems
metronidazole is only used for?
all anaerobes
clindamycin is not used for gram?
negative
carbapenems treat all major categories of infections except for?
MRSA and enterococcus
which two types of infections are penicillins used for (of the main categories)
strep and oral anaerobes
oral anaerobes can be treated by every type of which drug class?
beta-lactams
dicloxacillin/nafcillin do not treat gram?
negative
aminoglycosides do not treat gram _ and treat all gram _
there is one exception, what is it?
positive, negative
used as a combo drug for enterococcus
Azithromycin and clarithromycin only treat what three infection categories?
strep, H. flu, and oral anaerobes
aztreonam only treats gram _
negative
which oral antibiotic should not be given with OTC calcium?
ciprofloxacin
which drug class are seizures more common with usual dosing ranges?
carbapenems
list the first generation cephalosporins
cefazolin and cephalexin
list the second generation cephalosporins
cefuroxime and cefoxitin
list the third generation cephalosporins
ceftriaxone and ceftazidime
what is the fourth generation cephalosporin called?
cefepime
first generation cephalosporins mainly cover?
gram positive infections
second generation cephalosporins mainly cover?
gram positive and better for gram negative
which of the following antibiotic groups contain drugs with a reasonable potential to increase the QTc interval and cause arrhythmias?
a. tetracyclines and aminoglycosides
b. penicillins and monobactams
c. macrolides and fluoroquinolones
d. cephalosporins and carbapenems
e. cephalosporins and tetracyclines
c
what is the correct ranking for clarithromycin, erythromycin, and azithromycin in terms of most to least likely to cause GI side effects and drug interactions?
erythromycin>clarithromycin>azithromycin
when considering an agent for a S. pneumoniae respiratory infection like community-acquired pneumoniae, which of the fluoroquinolones should not be considered empirically?
ciprofloxacin
the penicillinase-resistant penicillins are the drugs of choice for coverage of which pathogen?
MSSA`
S. aureus:
bacteria class?
gram?
staphylococci
positive
best treatment for MSSA?
vancomycin
M. catarrhalis
drug class?
aerobic gram negative
N. gonorrhoeae
drug class?
aerobic gram negative
fluoroquinolones should mainly be used to treat?
UTIs
fluoroquinolones should not be used for what population group?
children/pregnancy
macrolides are effective at treating?
respiratory infections
clindamycin is used to treat all of what infection type?
anaerobes
