Aminoglycosides and Tetracyclines Flashcards
Which antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis?
streptogramins aminoglycosides tetracyclines macrolides lincosamides oxazolidinones chloramphenicol
where do chloramphenicol antibiotics bind to on ribosome?
what does it inhibit?
50S
formation of peptide bond
where do erythromycin antibiotics bind to on ribosome?
what does it inhibit?
50S
prevents translocation
where do streptomycin antibiotics bind to on ribosome?
what does it do?
30S
causes code of mRNA to be read incorrectly
where do tetracyclines antibiotics bind to on ribosome?
what does it interfere with?
30S
attachment of tRNA to mRNA-ribosome complex
list all antibiotics that bind to the 30S ribosomal subunit
spectinomycin tetracycline (two different locations) pactamycin hygromycin B streptomycin paromomycin geneticin
list all antibiotics that bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit
thiostrepton avilamycin streptogramin A and B chloramphenicol puromycin pleuromutilins lincosamides macrolides
T/F aminoglycosides are typically natural products
True
aminoglycosides are isolated from what bacterial class?
actinomycetes
which two actinomycetes are used to create aminoglycosides?
streptomyces and micromonospora
aminoglycosides ending in ___ are streptomyces
mycin
aminoglycosides ending in ___ are micromonospora
micin
what is the active component of S. griseus that is effective against M. tuberculosis (bacteria causing TB)
streptomycin
T/F streptomycin was on of the first effective drugs to treat TB
true
is streptomycin used against anareobic/aerobic gram +? gram -? both?
aerobic gram -
what is the central structural component of aminoglycosides?
aminocyclitol ring
what structure is found in every aminoglycoside except for streptomycin?
2-deoxystreptamine
T/F aminoglycosides are usually given orally
False, given IM or IV
how are aminoglycosides transported inside the bacteria?
actively transported across the cell membrane by O2-dependent transport system
T/F Low pH and anaerobic conditions inhibit transport of aminoglycosides
True
where do aminoglycosides bind to on the 30S ribosomal subunit?
what do they inhibit?
16S rRNA
irreversibly inhibit protein biosynthesis and causes misreading of rRNA
Gentamicin targets what bacteria?
what family is it a part of?
Ps. aeruginosa and other gram - bacteria
Gentamicin Family
Kanamycin is used for?
what family is it a part of?
TB and dysentery
Kanamycin Family
Amikacin targets what bacteria?
what family is it a part of?
Ps. aeruginosa and TB
Kanamycin Family
