M4 L4

Question 1

humoral

Answer 1

immune response relating to the blood

Question 2

activation of naive T cells occurs in which immune system

Answer 2

adaptive, humoral

Question 3

activation of naive T cell steps (6)

Answer 3

1) antigen presenting cells recognize extracellular antigen
2) antigen is ingested
3) antigen is broken down in endosome
4) MHC II + antigens fuse
5) cleave antigens
6) antigen expressed on cell surface through MHC II
7) dendritic cell goes to lymph node to find its T cell receptor
8) T

Question 4

where do dendritic cells find naive T cells

Answer 4

lymph nodes

Question 5

lymph nodes are

Answer 5

organized compartments

Question 6

activated T cells differentiate into

Answer 6

diff subsets

Question 7

TH1 subset

Answer 7

immunity to intracellular pathogens

Question 8

TH2 subset

Answer 8

immunity to parasites, allergy responses

Question 9

TH17

Answer 9

extracellular pathogens, fungi & bacteria

Question 10

what subset can cause autoimmunity

Answer 10

TH17

Question 11

Treg

Answer 11

maintain tolerance to bacteria so we are not responding to the microbiome all the time
- important in small intestine

Question 12

example autoimmune disease

Answer 12

arthritis

Question 13

what happens when naive CD4 T helper cell gets cytokined from APCs?

Answer 13

directs it on what subset to form -> TH1, TH2, etc

Question 14

T helper cell activation of humoral immunity steps

Answer 14

1) B cell goes to lymph node to find its T cell match using T cell receptors
2) T cell & B cell bind and send messages to each other
3) T cell secretes cytokines to tell B cell what antibodies to make
4) B cell is now activated
5) B cell can undergo clonal expansion to make plasma cells or can make memory cells

Question 15

plasma cell function

Answer 15

makes antibodies

Question 16

T or F: T cells must be activated in order to activate the B cells

Answer 16

T

Question 17

antibody vs humoral immunity

Answer 17

antibody- differentiate based on effector functions
humoral- make antibodies that bind to proteins & cells

Question 18

cytotoxic T cells can bind directly on what cells

Answer 18

non-immune

Question 19

activation of cellular immunity

Answer 19

forms 3 cell cluster
- clonal expansion of T helper & cytotoxic T cells
- produce effector cytotoxic T cells

Question 20

3 cell cluster components

Answer 20

1) APC
2) T helper cell
3) Cytotoxic T cells

Question 21

activation of cytotoxic T cells in the 3 cell cluster

Answer 21

cytotoxic t cell has its own T cell receptor that is specific for antigen & MHC I
1) T cell meets with its antigen = T helper cell is activated
2) activated T helper cell can activate B cells & cytotoxic T cells
3) secreted cytokines activate the cytotoxic T cell
4) proliferation = effector & memory cells produced

Question 22

perforins

Answer 22

holes in cell membrane

Question 23

granzyme

Answer 23

induce apoptosis

Question 24

antigen specific immune response steps

Answer 24

1) activated cytotoxic T cells look for foreign antigens
2) T cell receptor binds MHC I & its antigen
3) secretes perforins
4) secrete granzymes
5) infected cells are killed but neighbouring, uninfected cells are not

Question 25

what are cytotoxic T cells activated by

Answer 25

T helper cells

Question 26

what MHC class do T helper & cytotoxic T cells recognize?

Answer 26

helper- MHC II
cytotoxic- MHC I