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ANAT 337 > M4 - Integument and Somatosensation > Flashcards

M4 - Integument and Somatosensation Flashcards

1
Q

Epidermis

A

Most superficial, 4-5 layers

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2
Q

Dermis

A

Thickest layer, 2 layers

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3
Q

Hypodermis

A

Composed of areolar and adipose CT
Fxns - protects underlying structures, stores energy, thermal insulation

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4
Q

Stratum corneum

A

Most superficial, dead keratinocytes, water resistance protection

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5
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

Living keratinocytes getting flattened, production of proteins, waterproofing

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6
Q

Stratum spinosum

A

Living keratinocytes, dendritic (langerhans) cells and melanocytes, trigger immune response + protect body from foreign substances, produce melanin, desmosomes help w pulling forces

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7
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

Dead keratinocytes, palms, finger tips, soles of feet, additional water barrier, thick skin

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8
Q

Stratum basale

A

Basal stem cells, cells divide to keratinocytes, tactile (Merkel) cells and melanocytes, produce melanin

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9
Q

Dermis

A

Vasculature, nerve fibers (tactile [touch] receptors, control blood flow + glandular secretion)

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10
Q

Dermis: papillary layer

A

Composed of areolar CT, dermal papillae and epidermal ridges interlock

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11
Q

Dermal papillae

A

Incr surface area for incr nutrient and gas exchange and waste secretion

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12
Q

Dermis: reticular layer

A

Mainly dense irregular CT, w bundles of collagen fibers, blood vessels, glands, hair follicles, nerves, cleavage (langer’s) lines

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13
Q

Cleavage (langer’s) lines

A

Collagen and elastin fiber organized in thin parallel bundles to resist stress, incisions perpendicular to lines heal more slow than parallel

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14
Q

Striae

A

Stretch marks

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15
Q

Keratinocytes

A

Most abundant cell, stores keratin, protection, bacteriostatic, waterproof skin, vitamin D synthesis, joined by desmosomes

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16
Q

Melanocytes

A

Melanin

17
Q

Tactile (Merkel) cells

A

Mechanoreceptor, stimulating sensory nerves that brain perceives as touch, send afferent signal to sensory neuron, Merkel disc

18
Q

Merkel disc

A

Merkel cell + sensory neuron

19
Q

Epidermal dendritic (Langerhans cells)

A

Macrophages that engulf bacteria, foreign particles, and damaged cells and transport to nearby lymph nodes to begin immune response

20
Q

Arrector pili muscles

A

Attach hair root

21
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

Secrete oily sebum to soften and lubricate hair and skin

22
Q

Somatosensation

A

Conveys body surface and interaction w environment, stimuli and sensation

23
Q

Exteroceptors

A

Found in skin or mucous membranes

24
Q

Interoceptors

A

Found in walls of viscera, detect stretching, O, temp, pressure

25
Q

Proprioceptors

A

Found in muscles, tendons, jts, detect body and limb movement

26
Q

Free nerve ending

A

Found in papillary layer of dermis and deep epidermis, pain, temp

27
Q

Tactile (merkel) disc

A

Associated w tactile cells in stratum basale of epidermis, light touch

28
Q

Root hair plexus

A

Surround hair follicles in dermis, movement of hairs - light touch

29
Q

Unencapsulated tactile receptors

A

Free nerve ending, tactile (merkel) disc, root hair plexus

30
Q

Encapsulated tactile receptors

A

Tactile (Meissner) corpuscles, lamellated (pacinian) corpuscles, bulbous (ruffini) corpuscles

31
Q

Tactile (Meissner) corpuscles

A

In tips of dermal papillae, light touch, texture, shape, low frequency vibration

32
Q

Lamellated (pacinian) corpuscles

A

In dermis, subcutaneous tissue, synovial membranes, and some viscera, deep pressure, high frequency, vibration, tickle

33
Q

Bulbous (ruffini) corpuscles

A

In dermis and subcutaneous layer, continuous deep pressure, force/motion and skin distortion

34
Q

Nevus

A

Mole

ANAT 337 (17 decks)

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