M1 - Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

Apical surface

Answer 1

Side towards lumen

Question 2

Basement membrane

Answer 2

Connected to basal layer, maintains structural integrity and connection that allows it to receive nutrients and oxygen

Question 3

Basal lamina

Answer 3

Superficial layer that restricts movement of proteins and other large molecules into underlying CT

Question 4

Reticular layer

Answer 4

Deep layer that anchors basement membrane to underlying CT

Question 5

Tight junctions

Answer 5

Gatekeepers, helps materials absorb into cell rather than around them

Question 6

Adhering junctions (adherons)

Answer 6

Support and stability, like a belt

Question 7

Desmosomes

Answer 7

Support and stability, like snap buttons, allow for pulling in multiple directions

Question 8

Gap junctions

Answer 8

Easy cell to cell comms, connect cells to allow substances and chem signals to travel between cells

Question 9

Necrosis

Answer 9

Bad cell death due to pathology or damage

Question 10

Apoptosis

Answer 10

Programmed cell death for aging/worn down cells to be replaced with healthy cells

Question 11

Neoplasia

Answer 11

Abnormal proliferation

Question 12

Carcinoma

Answer 12

malignant tumor of epithelia

Question 13

Adenocarcinoma

Answer 13

Malignant tumor from glandular epithelial cells

Question 14

Microvilli

Answer 14

Maximize surface area for absorption, transcellular transport

Question 15

Transcellular transport

Answer 15

Absorb substance into cell, transport across cell, send it out basal membrane into underlying tissue

Question 16

Cilia

Answer 16

Allows substances to move across surface

Question 17

Surface parallel transport

Answer 17

Substances move across surface in parallel fashion

Question 18

Metaplasia

Answer 18

Normal epithelia from one area replaced by another form of epithelia not typical for that region

Question 19

Simple squamous

Answer 19

One layer; flat thin cells; for simple diffusion & filtration; lungs & around blood vessels

Question 20

Simple cuboidal

Answer 20

One layer; equally sized; secretion and absorption not too thick; kidney glands

Question 21

Simple columnar (nonciliated)

Answer 21

One layer; column shaped cells; secretion and absorption and protection; microvilli; digestive tract

Question 22

Stratified squamous

Answer 22

Several layers; provide protection; skin

Question 23

Pseudostratified columnar (ciliated)

Answer 23

One layer; several shapes and sizes makes it look like several layers; surface parallel transport and secretion of mucus and protection; goblet cells; respiratory tract

Question 24

Transitional layer

Answer 24

Several layers; cells more flat towards apical layer; allows for expansion and stretching; bladder

Question 25

Endocrine gland

Answer 25

Secrete hormones into bloodstream

Question 26

Exocrine gland

Answer 26

Secretes products through ducts to epithelial surface

Question 27

Goblet cells

Answer 27

Unicellular exocrine gland, produce mucin

Question 28

Humoral secretion

Answer 28

The control of hormone release in response to changes in extracellular fluids such as blood or the ion concentration in the blood

Question 29

Neural secretion

Answer 29

Nerve impulse causes a gland to secrete substance

Question 30

Hormonal secretion

Answer 30

The release of hormones in response to hormones released by other endocrine glands