M1: Science of Genetics Flashcards
It is the science of heredity and variation
Genetics
It is the passing of characteristics from parents to offspring.
Heredity
It is the difference in physical, chemical or behavioral attributes
Variation
It defines heredity and variation
Genes
It is basis of heredity during the time of Aristotle.
Humors
It is about the fertilized egg containing a miniature adult, or homunculus.
Theory of Preformation
Life comes from non-living components
Spontaneous Generation Theory or Abiogenesis Theory
He abolishes the theory of spontaneous generation.
Louis Pasteur
He developed the theory of Epigenesis
William Harvey
It is about an organism develops from a fertilized egg by a succession of developmental events that transforms an egg into an adult.
Theory of Epigenesis
They developed the Cell Theory.
Mathias Scheilden and Theodore Schwann
- All organisms are composed of basic structural units
- Cells are derived from pre-existing cells.
Cell Theory.
He wrote ‘The Origin of Species’ and developed the Theory of Natural Selection.
Charles Darwin
Existing species arose by descent with modification from ancestral species.
The Origin of Species
It is a mechanism of evolutionary change where survival of the fittest.
Natural Selection
He had the same discovery as Charles Darwin about Natural Selection.
Alfred Russel Wallace
The reason why Darwin and Wallace was not able to further defend their theory during their time.
Lack of understanding of genetics and inheritance
He conducted a pea experiments which explains that generation to generation traits are passed in pea plants and other organism.
Gregor Johann Mendel
They rediscovered Mendel’s work.
- Hugo de Vries (flowering plants)
- Carl Correns (maize and peas)
- Erich von Tschermak-Seysenegg (peas)
They found that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis is identical to the behavior of genes during gamete formation (Chromosome Theory of Inheritance).
Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri
Inherited traits are controlled by genes residing on chromosomes.
Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
He discovered the role of chromosome in heredity and received a Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine (1933)
Thomas Hunt Morgan
He discovered the transforming principle.
Frederick Griffith
A chemical substance from one cell is capable of genetically transforming another cell.
Transforming Principle
They supported Griffith’s Transforming Principle.
Oswald Avery, Colin Macleod, and Maclyn McCarty
It is the transforming substance.
DNA
They provided proof that DNA is a genetic material, and not RNA or protein.
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
They elucidated the DNA structure and received a Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine (1962).
James Watson and Francis Crick
She study DNA by X-Ray crystallographic techniques and received a Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine (1962).
Maurice Wilkins
The unofficial first to discover DNA thru DNA X-ray Diffraction as a X-ray Crystallographer.
Rosalind Franklin
