M. Emotion, Stress, and Health - Part 1 Flashcards
What part of the brain was pierced in the Case of Phineas Gage?
ventromedial prefrontal cortex
describe the 3 main ideas wrt to Darwin’s theory on the evolution of emotional expression
- predictor of behaviour = expressions of emotions evolve as a behaviour that acts as a predictor of what the animal will do next
- enhanced communication = if the behaviours that are elicited by these expressions of emotion lead to benefits in life fitness they will be enhanced as another means of communication
- principle of antithesis = opposite messages are often signalled by opposite movements
Describe how the theories of emotion vary when encountering a bear for the following
a) common-sense view
b) James-Lange view
c) Cannon-Bard View
d) modern biopsychological view
a) preception of bear -> feeling fear –> physiological rxn
b) perception of bear -> physiological rxn -? feeling fear
c) perception -> feeling fear + physiological rxn
d) perception of bear + feeling of fear + physiological rxn (simultaneously)
Which view is this?
modern biopsychological veiw
Which view is this?
cannon-bard view
Which view is this?
James-Lange view
Which view is this?
common-sense view
What are the 8 main brain structures associated w/ emotion?
- amygdala
- mammillary bodies
- hippocampus
- fornix
- cingulate cortex
- septum
- olfactory bulbs
- hypothalamus
what are the 4F’s wrt regulation of motivated behaviours
- fight
- flight
- freeze
- fawn
wrt the 4 F’s of regulation of motivated behaviors what does fawn mean?
undergoing ppl pleasing behavior in order to prevent getting hurt
What is the purpose of the 4F’s of regulation of motivated behaviour?
to reduce harm in a life-threatening situation
label the image using the following brain structures
a) septum
b) right cingulate cortex
c) mammillary body
d) fornix
e) longitudinal fissure
f) amygdala
g) hippocampus
h) left cingulate cortex
a) green
b) blue
c) brown
d) yellow
e) orange
f) red
g) purple
h) pink
Draw the limbic circuit using the following
a) fornix
b) septum
c) cingulate cortex
d) amygdala
e) mammillary bodies
f) various tracts
g) hippocampus
Describe sham rage
the exaggerated and poorly direct aggressive responses of a decorticate animal
What does decorticate mean?
the act of surgically removing/separating the cortex from the rest of the brain
What 2 abnormal responses occur for decorticated cats?
- INC sensitivity to aggression
- not able to direct aggression toward the appropriate target
What would happen to a decorticated cat that has also had its hypothalamus removed
no aggression will occur
using the decorticated cats study what does this tell us about the role of the cortex
it is significant for the control/inhibition of aggression
a) What is Kluver-Bucy Syndrome
b) what are the 2 main symptoms
c) What type of damage causes it
a) a cerebral neurological disorder b)
1. urge to explore things by putting them in the mouth
2. INC sexual activity directed inappropriately
c) bilateral damage to anterior temporal lobes of the amygdala
ANS the following wrt the Urbach-Wiethe Disease
a) what is the main cause for this disorder?
b) What happens in the brain?
c) what happens behaviourally
d) how does this influence one’s senses?
a) genetics
b) calcifies the amygdala and the surrounding anterior medial temporal lobe
c) inability to recognize or produce a fearful expression
d) difficulty w/ other complex visual stimuli
T or F - the amygdala is repsonsible for all fear
F
