Lp 71 Flashcards
Adjustments organisms make in response to changes in environment (internal & external)
Adaptation
Stability of the internal environment
Homeostasis
4 tenets of homeostasis
- constancy in our bodies requires & mechanisms to maintain stability (eg. regulation of bld glucose)
-changes is met. W/response (eg, dehydration acitivates thirst mechanisms)
-several factors work together to maintain stability of a given parameter (eg, heat gain mechanisms)
-homeostasis is well regulated by feedback mechanisms
Necessary to maintain homeostasis & allows adaptation w/in a restricted range?
Control systems/ feedback loops
Ability of body to recruit systems, organs & mechanisms to Fxn at a higher level
Physiological reserve
RBC’s carry?
Bone stores?
Liver stores?
-RBC’s carry more O2 than tissue needs
-bone stores Ca2+
-liver stores nutrients
Anatomical reserve?
Paired organs
Genes w/in population show adaptations for protection against environmental conditions?
-pigmentation: increase melanin= dark skin) in tropical regions to protect against the sun
-HbS gene (Sickle cell anemia) protects against malaria
Body functions that are particularly sensitive. To nutritional deficits include?
-enzyme activity
-immune response
-wound healing
Physical and mental health are important in?
-physiological & psychological reserves
-ability to adapt
Which ages are least able to adapt?
Infants: immature body systems & depends of rapid growth body decrease ability of odd to adapt to stress
Elderly: aging cells & systems decrease ability to fight disease
Social networks contribute to?
-mobilize resources
-share tasks
-provide monetary support, material, guidance
Ppl w/ample social networks are?
-not as likely to experience certain types of stress
-live longer & have fewer somatic illnesses
Hardiness:
Personality characteristics that include?
-sense of having control over environment
-sense of having purpose
-ability to see stressors as a challenge rather than a threat
Sleep disorders& Alternations in sleep-wake cycle alter?
-immune Fxn
-n pattern of hormones secretion
-physical & psychological fxning
Most common alterations of sleep wake cycles?
-sleep deprivation
-increase sleepiness
-Having exhausted physical & psychological energy reserves
-can be N or homeostatic imbalance
-subjective sx’s
Fatigue
Fatigue origin can be?
-physiological
-psychological
-pathological
-idiopathic
Fatigue causes?
-environmental factors
-drug-related incidents
-tx-related causes
-exertion
-psychological factors
Fatigue differs from tiredness;
Fatigue is not relieved by adequate sleep
Acute fatigue?
-rapid onset
-defined as m fatigue
-relieved by cessation of activity
-serves protective Fxn
-occurs more rapidly in reconditioned mm
Chronic fatigue?
-insidious onset
-intense
-lasts > 1 months
-cumulative effect- not relieved by activity cessation
-common problem for people w/chronic health problems (disease or tx)
-does not serve protective Fxn
-may be d/t or may lead to depression &/ or anxiety
