Lower respiratory tract infections in children

Question 1

clinical presentations of common lower respiratory tract infections

Answer 1

bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchiolitis

Question 2

organisms that cause lower respiratory tract infections

Answer 2

bacteria and viruses

Question 3

tracheitis signs

Answer 3

uncommon, croup which does not get better, fever, sickness

Question 4

what is tracheitis

Answer 4

staph or strep invasive infection, croup which does not get better, swollen tracheal wall and narrowed tracheal lumen

Question 5

bronchitis signs

Answer 5

loose rattly cough with URTI, post tussive vomit, sputum, chest free of wheeze,

Question 6

bronchitis is

Answer 6

very common, endobronchial infection, mostly self limiting, caused by disturbed mucociliary escalator, caused by haemophilia/pneumococcus

Question 7

treatment of bronchitis

Answer 7

nothing

Question 8

bronchiolitis is

Answer 8

infancy infection of small airways, one off, affects 30-40% of all infants, usually caused by RSv, paraflu III or HMPV, maximal observation and minimal intervention

Question 9

bronchiolitis signs

Answer 9

nasal stuffiness, trachypnoea, poor feeding, crackles and or wheeze

Question 10

what day is bronchiolitis peaking and levelling off

Answer 10

5

Question 11

investigations for bronchiolitis

Answer 11

NPA, oxygen saturations

Question 12

bronchitis signs

Answer 12

loose rattly cough with URTI, post tussive vomit, sputum, chest free of wheeze,

Question 13

bronchitis is

Answer 13

very common, endobronchial infection, mostly self limiting, caused by disturbed mucociliary escalator, caused by haemophilia/pneumococcus

Question 14

treatment of bronchitis

Answer 14

nothing

Question 15

bronchiolitis is

Answer 15

infancy infection of small airways, one off, affects 30-40% of all infants, usually caused by RSv, paraflu III or HMPV, maximal observation and minimal intervention

Question 16

bronchiolitis signs

Answer 16

nasal stuffiness, trachypnoea, poor feeding, crackles and or wheeze

Question 17

what day is bronchiolitis peaking and levelling off

Answer 17

5

Question 18

investigations for bronchiolitis

Answer 18

NPA, oxygen saturations

Question 19

lower respiratory tract infection is characterised by

Answer 19

48 hours, fever, SOB, cough, grunting, wheeze sometimes, reduced or bronchial breath sounds

Question 20

treatment for pneumonia

Answer 20

nothing if mild symptoms, amoxycillin, macrolide is second line, oral unless vomiting then IV

Question 21

pneumonia and LRTI difference

Answer 21

pneumonia if focal, crept, high fever and if u want to cause anxiety otherwise call it LRTI

Question 22

bronchiolitis and LRTI difference

Answer 22

LRTI is in all ages, more rapid onset of symptoms and fever. Bronchiolitis is infancy, 3 days before reach peak, fever rarely

Question 23

whooping cough

Answer 23

vaccination reduces risk and severity, coughing fits, vomiting and colour

Question 24

empyaema is

Answer 24

infection spreads from lung tissue to pleural space, fluid, chest pain and very unwell, complication of pneumonia

Question 25

empyaema is treated by

Answer 25

IV antibiotics and or drainage

Question 26

tracheitis treatment

Answer 26

antibiotics- augmentin