Lower limb muscle groups

Question 1

Deep fasica of the thigh =

Answer 1

Fascia lata

Question 2

Deep fascia of leg =

Answer 2

Crural fascia

Question 3

2 muscles enclosed in fascia lata

Answer 3

1. Gluteus maximus

2. Tensor fascia latae

Question 4

What does the fascia lata form (hint: IT)

Answer 4

Ilitotibial tract

Question 5

What does the crural fascia thicken to form?

Answer 5

Extensor retinacula

Question 6

Compartments of the thigh:

Answer 6

Anterior
Medial
Posterior

Question 7

Compartments of the leg:

Answer 7

Anterior
lateral
Posterior

Question 8

The deep fascia doesn’t stretch, this is the basis for what?

Answer 8

Compartment syndrome

Question 9

6P’s of compartment syndrome:

Answer 9

1. Parasthesia
2. Paresis
3. Pink colour
4. Pain on stretch
5. Pulse present
6. Pressure (palpable, painful tenderness of compartment)

Question 10

Treatment of compartment syndrome

Answer 10

Fasciotomy

Question 11

Muscles of the gluteal region only act on…

Answer 11

The hip

Question 12

Actions of anterior thigh muscles;

Answer 12

Hip flexion

Knee extension

Question 13

Actions of medial thigh muscles;

Answer 13

Hip adductors

Question 14

Actions of posterior thigh muscles;

Answer 14

Hip extension

Knee flexion

Question 15

Actions of anterior leg muscles;

Answer 15

Ankle extensors/dorsiflexors

Question 16

Actions of lateral leg muscles;

Answer 16

Ankle everters

Question 17

Actions of posteiror leg muscles;

Answer 17

Ankle flexors/dorsiflexors

Question 18

Muscles of anterior thigh:

Answer 18

1. Rectus femoris
2. Vastus (medialis, intermedialis, lateralis)
3. Satorius
4. Pectineus (NOT A HIP FLEXOR)

Question 19

What is strange about pectineus?

Answer 19

In the anterior compartment but main action is adduction

Question 20

Muscles of quadricepts femoris:

Answer 20

Rectus femoris

Vastus medialis/intermedialis/lateralis

Question 21

Innervation of anterior thigh:

Answer 21

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Question 22

Blood supply of anterior thigh:

Answer 22

Femoral artery

Question 23

Muscles of the medial compartment of thigh:

Answer 23

1. Adductor brevis
2. Adductor longus
3. Adductor magnus
4. Gracillis
5. Obturator externus

Question 24

Innervation of medial compartment of thigh:

Answer 24

Obturator nerve

Question 25

What's strange about the nerve supply to adductor magnus?

Answer 25

Half from obturator nerve, half from tibial part of sciatic nerve

Question 26

Blood supply of medial compartment of thigh:

Answer 26

Obturator artery

Question 27

Superior border of the femoral triangle:

Answer 27

Inguinal ligament

Question 28

Lateral border of the femoral triangle:

Answer 28

Satorius

Question 29

Medial border of the femoral triangle:

Answer 29

Adductor longus

Question 30

Contents of femoral triangle (NAVEL)

Answer 30

1. Femoral nerve 2. Femoral artery 3. Femoral vein 4. Empty space (femoral canal) 5. Lymph nodes

Question 31

Lumbar plexus is formed by the anterior rami of which spinal nerves?

Answer 31

T12, L1-L4

Question 32

Muscles of the posterior compartment of thigh:

Answer 32

1. Semitendinosus 2. Semimembranosus 3. Biceps femoris 4. Adductor magnus (hamstring part)

Question 33

Innervation of posterior compartment of thigh:

Answer 33

Sciatic (tibial) nerve | Profunda femoris and perforating arteries

Question 34

Muscles of the gluteal region:

Answer 34

- Gluteus maximus - Gluteus minimus - Gluteus medius - Piriformus - Obturator internus - Gemelli - Quadratus femoris - Tensor fascia latae

Question 35

Innervation of gluteal region

Answer 35

Superior and inferior gluteal nerves

Question 36

Blood supply of gluteal region

Answer 36

Superior and inferior gluteal arteries

Question 37

Sacral plexus is formed by the anterior rami of which spinal nerves?

Answer 37

L4, L5, S1-S4

Question 38

Sciatic nerve is which 2 nerves?

Answer 38

Fibial, Tibial

Question 39

Sciatic nerve can be found coming out from under which muscle?

Answer 39

Piriformis

Question 40

Where is the safe injection site?

Answer 40

Upper lateral quadrant of the gluteal region

Question 41

Muscles of the anterior crural compartment:

Answer 41

- Tibialis anterior - Extensor hallucis longus - Extensor digitorum longus - Fibularis (peroneus) tertius

Question 42

Innervation of anterior crural compartment

Answer 42

Deep fibula nerve

Question 43

Blood supply of anterior crural compartment

Answer 43

Anterior tibial artery

Question 44

Action of the anterior crural compartment

Answer 44

Dorsiflexion of ankle

Question 45

Muscles of lateral crural compartment:

Answer 45

- Fibularis longus | - FIbularus brevis

Question 46

Innervation of lateral crural compartment:

Answer 46

Superficial fibular nerve

Question 47

Blood supply of lateral crural compartment:

Answer 47

Fibular artery from posterior compartment

Question 48

Action of lateral crural compartment (fibularis longus and brevis)

Answer 48

Evert the foot

Question 49

Superificial muscles of posterior crural compartment:

Answer 49

- Gastrocenimus - Soelus - Plantaris

Question 50

Deep muscles of the posterior crural compartment:

Answer 50

- Tibilais posterior - Flexor digitorum longus - Flexor hallucis longus - Poplitius

Question 51

Innervation of muscles of posteior crural compartment:

Answer 51

Posterior tibial nerve

Question 52

Action of posterior crural compartment

Answer 52

Plantarflexors

Question 53

What does gastrocenium and soelus join to form?

Answer 53

Calcaneal tendon

Question 54

Contents of popliteal fossa:

Answer 54

- Popliteal artery - Popliteal vein - Tibial nerve - Common fibula nerve