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OMM II > Lower Extremity I > Flashcards

Lower Extremity I Flashcards

1
Q

Where should you look when you find a SD?

A

area above and below the SD to see what could be causing it

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2
Q

What is the route of the arteries from the aorta, down the leg?

A

Aorta
External/internal iliac
femoral
anterior/posterior tibial

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3
Q

Many of the issues we see involving the lower extremity involve what type of problems?

A

Tracking problems

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of the muscles that have tender points?

A

Those that are strained and inhibited

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5
Q

Treating tender points tends to do what to contracted muscles?

A

Lengthen contracted muscles

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6
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: iliopsoas?

A

postural

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7
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: vastus medialis/laterals?

A

Phasic

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8
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: fibularis

A

phasic

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9
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: glutes

A

Phasic

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10
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: rectus femoris

A

postural

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11
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: tensor fascia lata

A

Postural

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12
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: hamstrings

A

Postural

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13
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: thigh adductors

A

postural

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14
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: piriformis

A

Postural

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15
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: soleus

A

Postural

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16
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: tibialis anterior

A

Phasic

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17
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: gastrocnemius

A

Phasic

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18
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: erector spinae group

A

Postural

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19
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: quadratus lumborum

A

postrual

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20
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: intercostals

A

Postural

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21
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: rectus abdominus

A

Phasic

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22
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: external/interna oblique

A

Phasic

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23
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: transversus abdominus

A

phasic

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24
Q

What is the function of the psoas major/minor and iliacus? A strain in this area produces what?

A

flex and rotate the hip

bends the trunk/lumbar spine to the same side

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25
Q

What is the function of the gluteus maximus?

A

extends and externally rotates the hip

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26
Q

What is the function of the tensor fasciae lata?

A

Hip joint adduction

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27
Q

What is the main function of the piriformis?

A

external rotation of the hip

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28
Q

What is the main function of the gluteus medius/minimus?

A

abducts the hip

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29
Q

What is the function of the adductor longus?

A

hip joint adduction

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30
Q

What is the function of the adductor brevis?

A

hip joint adduction

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31
Q

What is the function of the adductor minimus?

A

hip joint adduction

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32
Q

What is the function of the gracilis?

A

Hip joint adduction and flexion

33
Q

What is the function of the pectineus?

A

hip joint adduction

34
Q

What is the function of the obturator externus?

A

Hip joint adduction

35
Q

What is the function of the sartorius?

A

Hip joint flexion, abduction, and external rotation

36
Q

What are the four muscles that comprise the quads?

A

Vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius, and rectus femoris

37
Q

What are the muscles of the hamstrings?

A

BIceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus

38
Q

What is the function of the biceps femoris?

A

Extends the hip joint

39
Q

What is the function of the semimembranosus and the semitendinosus?

A

Extends the hip joint

Flexes and internally rotates the knee

40
Q

What is the function of the popliteus?

A

Flexes and internally rotates the knee

41
Q

What are the muscles that are in the lateral compartment of the lower leg?

A

Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis
Fibularis tertius

42
Q

What is the function of the fibularis longus and brevis?

A

Flexes the talocrural joint

43
Q

What are the two components of the triceps surae?

A

Soleus

gastroc

44
Q

What is the function of the plantaris?

A

prevents the compression of the posterior leg muscles during knee flexion

45
Q

What are the connections of the lateral collateral ligament?

A

lateral femoral condyle to the medial femoral condyle

46
Q

Which collateral ligament attaches to its respective meniscus?

A

Medial

47
Q

What is the function of the collateral ligaments?

A

Limit knee rotation

48
Q

What is the function of the ACL?

A

Prevents hyperextension

49
Q

What is the function of the PCL?

A

Prevents hyperflexion

50
Q

What menisci are attached to the femur or the tibia?

A

tibia

51
Q

Which surface of the menisci are vascular: the medial or lateral?

A

lateral

52
Q

Which are more O shaped, and which is more C shaped: the medial / lateral menisci?

A 
Medial = C
lateral = O
53
Q

What are the components of the talocrural joint?

A

tibia
fibula
talus

54
Q

What are the main motions of the talocrural joint?

A

plantarflexion and dorsiflexion

55
Q

What are the components of the subtalar joint?

A

Talus and calcaneus

56
Q

What are the main motions of the subtalar joint?

A

Inversion and eversion

57
Q

What are the main motions of the intermetatarsal joints?

A

Inversion and eversion

58
Q

What is the membrane that is between the tibia and the fibula?

A

Interosseous membrane

59
Q

What is the ligament that connects the anterior distal tibia to the anterior distal fibula?

A

Anterior tibiofibular ligament

60
Q

What is the ligament that connects the posterior distal tibia to the posterior distal fibula?

A

Posterior tibiofibular ligament

61
Q

What are the four ligaments that comprise the lateral part of the foot?

A

anterior tibiotalar
tibionavicular
tibiocalcaneal
Posterior tibiotalar

62
Q

What is the main ligament that sits atop the proximal foot?

A

anterior talofibular ligament

63
Q

With increasing flexion, the dynamic flexion axis moves how?

A

Upward, and backward

64
Q

Rotation of the tibia relative to the femur may occur with the knee (___)?

A

Flexed to 90 degrees

65
Q

What are the two muscles that are responsible for producing internal tibial rotation?

A

semimembranosus

Semitendinosus

66
Q

What is the muscle the produces external tibial rotation?

A

Biceps femoris

67
Q

What is the “screw home” motion of the knee?

A

external rotation of the tibia on the femur

68
Q

The knee is most stable when?

A

When locked into extension, or closed packed position

69
Q

Full extension of the knee is unlocked by which muscle?

A

Popliteus

70
Q

Medial force applied to the lateral aspect of the knee joint produce what force?

A

Valgus

passive abduction

71
Q

Lateral force applied to the medial aspect of the knee joint produce what force?

A 
Varus force
(passive adduction)
72
Q

What way does the patella move with extension?

A

Superiorly

73
Q

What way does the patella move with flexion?

A

Inferiorly

74
Q

True or false: muscle strains are significant SD

A

True

75
Q

What are the effects of a right soleus strain?

A

Limited dorsiflexion of the right ankle

Right knee pain

76
Q

What are the effects of right hamstrings strain?

A

Right leg is functionally short

R sacral base is lowered

77
Q

What should you do if you cannot effectively treat a tender point? (2)

A

Search for another, more painful point in the same muscle

Look for a shortened muscles on the opposite side of the bod

78
Q

Where will you be able to visualize tender points?

A

Based on twists and turns of the muscles strained

79
Q

The (farther/closer) a joint is from the center of the body, the more prone it is to injury

A

Farther

OMM II (43 decks)

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