Cranial I Flashcards
What type of technique is cranial? Direct or indirect?
Myofascial release
Both direct and indirect
Generally, when doing cranial on children, do you use direct or indirect? Adults?
Children = direct Adults = indirect
True or false: you are addressing the entire body with cranial
True?
What is the main difference between cranial and other OMM modalities?
Much gentler
What is the “dichotomy” that OMM think exists in regards to cranial?
That there are suture lines that indicate movement blah blah blah solid box
True or false: the articular surfaces are designed for motion, not the result of motion
False– result of motion, not designed for motion
What is the nasion?
Nasal bone
What is the pterion?
Where the frontal, temporal, sphenoid, and parietal bones come together
What is the asterion?
Where the temporal bone, occiput, and parietal bone come together
What is the squamoparietal suture?
Squamous portion of the temporal bone, between the temporal and parietal bones
What is beveling?
What happens when two sutures come together–need to have internal and external bevels
What is the suture that lies on the posterior aspect of the skull?
Lambdoid suture
What is the occipitomastoid suture?
Suture between the temporal bone and occiput
What is the primary respiratory mechanism?
Why is the PRM primary?
Because it is directly concerned with the internal tissue respiration of the CNS
Why is the PRM respiratory?
Because it concerns the physiological function of the interchange of fluids necessary for normal metabolism
Why is the PRM a mechanism?
Because all the constituent parts work together as a unit carrying out this fundamental physiology
PRM is the primary motility of what?
CNS
PRM is the fluctuation of what?
CSF
The mobility of the PRM is the reciprocal to what?
Tension membrane
What are the three mobilities that the PRM encompasses?
- Reciprocal tension membrane
- Cranial bones
- Sacrum and ilia
What is the difference between motility and mobility?
- Motility = Moving on your own
- Mobility - Moved by something else
What causes the CSF pulsations?
Constant rhythm of discharge and recharge and changes in the glial cell size
Also, changes in the size of ventricles
Is there a circulation in the CSF?
No–fluctuation
What is the falx cerebri?
Dural reflection in the sagittal plane between the hemispheres of the cerebrum
What is the falx cerebelli?
Dural reflection in the sagittal plane between the hemisphere of the cerebellum
What is the tentorium cerebelli?
Dural reflection superior to the cerebellum, and inferior to the cerebrum
A “diaphragm” according to osteopaths
What is the function of the reciprocal tension membrane?
- Limits motion of the cranial bones
- Slows down movement
The motion of the sacrum in the CS model is about which axis?
Transverse axis at the second sacral ligament
Why does the sacrum move in response to the flow of CSF?
Dural attachment to the sacrum
Where does the dura attach to the sacrum?
Dura attaches to the anterior surface of the sacral canal at the level of S2
What happens to the sacrum with flexion of the head? How does this compare to the respiratory motion?
Posterior motion
Opposite of respiratory motion
How many cycles of CSF are there per minute?
6-12
What is the cranial rhythmic impulse?
Fictitious finding of a palpable, rhythmic motion
What are the components of the vault hold?
- Index finger on the greater wings of the sphenoid
- 5th finger on the lateral angles of the occiput
- Ears between the 3rd and 4th fingers
The sphenoid and occiput move around each other at what anatomic site?
Sphenobasilar synchondrosis
What happens to the bases of the occiput and SBS with flexion? Extension?
Rise in flexion
Fall in extension
What happens to your fingers with extension of the SBS?
SBS flattens, and your fingers come toward you and come together
When the midline bones go into flexion, what happens to the paired bones?
External rotation
When the midline bones go into extension, what happens to the paired bones?
Internal rotation
True or false: there can be more than one strain pattern at once
True
True or false: the same patient can have different strain patterns of any given day
True
What is the occipitomastoid suture?
Suture between the occiput and the mastoid process
What is the external occipital protuberance?
Inion
What is superior temporal line?
Line of bone superior on the parietal bone
What is the difference between internal and external beveling?
Internal is when the bevels are on the inside of the bone
External is opposite
What are the five main aspects of the PRM?
- Inherent motility
- Fluctuation of CSF
- Mobility of RTM
- Articular mobility of cranial bones
- Articular mobility of the sacrum and the ilia
What is “sutherland’s fulcrum”?
Straight sinus
Flexion of the occiput causes what sacral movement? How does this compare to the anatomic way to describe this motion?
Flexion of the head causes the sacral base to move posteriorly. This is terms flexion of the sacrum, while the anatomic term is extension
