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OMM II > KNee > Flashcards

KNee Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main goals in the evaluation of the joint evaluation?

A
  1. Determine if pain is caused by the joint, or if it is referred?
  2. To find the specific tissue that may be generating the pain
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2
Q

Vague symptoms of the knee may indication what sort of etiology?

A

Referred pain

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3
Q

Pain that radiates from the hip or lower back suggests what etiology?

A

Referred pain

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4
Q

Normal strength and ROM of the knee, but with pain, may indicate what sort of etiology?

A

Referred pain

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5
Q

What is the dermatome of the anterior knee?

A

L3, L4, and L5

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6
Q

The back of the knee is what dermatome?

A

S1 and S2

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7
Q

Knee effusion is indicative of what?

A

Intra-articular pathology

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8
Q

Locking of the knee is indicative of what?

A

Meniscal lesions or loose body

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9
Q

Pain with going downstairs indicates what?

A

Loads the extensor mechanism

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10
Q

A knee that “gives way” indicates what?

A

Ligamentous or meniscal injury

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11
Q

Grinding/popping/clicking indicates what?

A

Painful = damaged cartilage or menisci

Painless = ligamentous laxity

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12
Q

What is eccentric contraction?

A

When contraction brings about increased distance between O and I

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13
Q

Multiple joints affected indicates what?

A

either polytrauma or systemic issue

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14
Q

What are the six principles of joint physical exam?

A
  1. Inspect
  2. ROM
  3. Resistance/strength
  4. Ligaments
  5. joint surfaces and menisci
  6. Palpate
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15
Q

PROM evaluates what?

A

Ligaments and contractile tissues

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16
Q

When should palpation for tenderness be done?

A

After functional exam has identified potential locations of pain

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17
Q

Diffuse swelling of a joint usually indicates what?

A

Fluid within the joint

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18
Q

Diffuse swelling + muscle wasting = what?

A

longstanding OA

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19
Q

Diffuse swelling + redness or heat suggests what etiology?

A

Gout

Inflammatory arthropathy

20
Q

Localized swelling of a joint is indicative of what?

A

Baker’s cyst

Inflamed bursa

21
Q

What is considered normal ROM of the knee?

A

heel touching buttocks

22
Q

What is the normal end feel of knee flexion?

A

Tissue approximation

23
Q

Passive hyperflexion tests what structure?

A

Meniscus

24
Q

What limits the extension of the knee?

A

PCL and posterior capsule

25
Q

What is the capsular pattern of knee pain?/

A

Gross limitation of flexion and slight limitation of extension

26
Q

What is a non-capsular pattern of the knee?

A

Lesion does NOT affect the entire joint

27
Q

Problems with resisted flexion of the knee is suspicious for what? (wwo pain)

A

Hamstring pain or S1/S2 root (depends on if painful or not)

28
Q

Weakness with extension of the knee is suspicious for what? (wwo pain)

A

Quad problem

L3 root lesion if painless

29
Q

What are the two factors that we assess with ligaments?

A

Pain

Laxity

30
Q

How do you perform the Lachman’s test? What does this test for?

A

Flex knee to 30, anteriorly move the tibia while stabilizing the femur.

Tests for ACL damage

31
Q

How do you perform the anterior drawer test? What does this test for?

A

Flex knee to 90, add pressure from behind the knee, directed anteriorly, to assess for laxity

Assess the ACL

32
Q

What are the three components of the unhappy triad?

A

MCL
ACL
Medial meniscus

33
Q

Which meniscus is attached to the associated ligament?

A

Medial meniscus to the medial collateral ligament

34
Q

What is the usual injury that causes the (unhappy) terrible triad?

A

Valgus force

35
Q

What is the test for a PCL tear?

A

Posterior drawer test

36
Q

What does the valgus stress test assess?

A

MCL

37
Q

What does the varus stress test assess?

A

LCL

38
Q

What does the McMurray’s test assess?

A

Lateral meniscus

39
Q

How do you perform McMurray’s test?

A

Flex hip and knee, externally rotate the foot, and apply valgus stress. Then bring into extension

40
Q

What indicates a positive McMurray’s test?

A

Pain or clicking with movement

41
Q

What does the patellar tap (ballottement) assess?

A

Patellar effusion secondary to meniscal tear, infection, or other

42
Q

What indicates a positive patellar tap test?

A

the patella will “tap” onto the femur

43
Q

How do you perform the patellar tap test?

A

compress inferior and superior portions of the knee, to push fluid behind the patella

44
Q

How do you perform the patellofemoral compression test? What does this assess?

A

Directly compress that patella posteriorly into the trochlear groove onto the femoral condyles

PFPS or chondromalacia patella

45
Q

What is the Apley distraction test? What does this assess for?

A

Pt is prone. Flex knee to 90. Internal and external rotation of the tibia while applying traction

Assess for medial/lateral collateral ligaments

46
Q

What is the Apley compression test?

A

Pt is prone. Flex knee to 90. Internal and external rotation of the tibia while applying compression

Assess for medial/lateral collateral ligaments

47
Q

Why is palpation for tenderness assessed last?

A

Difficult to determine what it means

OMM II (43 decks)

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