Longitudinal Separation Distance

Question 1

Separation shall be established by maintaining not less than specified distance(s) between aircraft positions are reported by reference DME in conjunction with other appropriate nav aids and or GNSS

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What shall be maintained while such separation is used.

Answer 2

VHF voice communication

Question 3

Distance based-same track/level

Minimum is?

Answer 3

20nm

Question 4

Distance based same track and level will be the 20nm minimum provided:
(4 things)

Answer 4

1)Each a/c utilises:

A) Same on track DME station when both a/c using DME

B) DME station co-located waypoint when one a/c is using DME and the other is using GNSS

C) the same waypoint when both a/c are using GNSS

2) Separation checked by obtaining DME/GNSS readings from a/c at frequent intervals

Question 5

Distance based - same track/level
Minimum can be reduced 10nm provided?

5 things

Answer 5

1) Leading a/c maintains a TAS of 20kts or faster than succeeding a/c

2) each aircraft uses:
a) same on-track DME station (if both use DME) or
b) same on-track DME station and colocated way point when DME/GNSS
c) Same waypoint when both GNSS

3) Separation is checked by simultaneous DME/GNSS readings at such intervals as are necessary to ensure that the
Minimum is established and won’t be infringed.

Question 6

Distance Based-Climbing/descending-same Track

Is separated by 10nm while vertical separation does not exist provided each a/c utilises either:
3 things

Answer 6

• Same on track DME stations/colocated waypoint/Same waypoint.
• one a/c maintains a level while vertical separation does not exist
• separation established by obtaining simultaneous DME/GNSS readings from the a/c

Question 7

Distance Based- Reciprocal Track

Separated 10nm. If both a/c are using on track DME and/or colocated Same way point.

One a/c may be cleared to climb or descend to or through levels occupied by the other a/c provided:

Answer 7

• positively established that the a/c have passed each other and at least the prescribed distance apart

Question 8

Distance based-crossing track same level. How far is it and what are the conditions?
(3 things)

Answer 8

1) 20nm
2) Each a/c reports distance from DME station/ colocated way point/ Same way point.
3) Relative angle is less than 90

Question 9

Distance based-crossing track same level. How far is the reduced minima and what are the conditions?
(4 things)

Answer 9

1) 10 nms
2) First a/c is 20 kts faster
3) Each a/c reports distance from DME station/ colocated way point/ Same way point.
4) Relative angle is less than 90

Question 10

In the context of Longitudinal separation (Distance) what does “on track” mean

Answer 10

Directly inbound/outbound from station or waypoint

Question 10

Longitudinal (distance) separation shall be applied between 2 a/c using:
3 things

Answer 10

1) 2 aircraft DME; or
2) 2 aircraft using GNSS; or
3) one aircraft using DME and one aircraft using GNSS.