London Map Flashcards
Land size of London
83000 km squared
London population
8.6 million (but will be a mega city wishing the next decade)
What category city is London
Alpha++
Shape of London
Grown up as deep water international port on the River Thames.
Circular shape of 83000 km squared
London density
Moderate population density
Average density- 1500 per km squared
Varies from Tower Hamlets in inner London at 14700
To suburbiton Kingston upon Thames- 4700
How many CBDs are there
2
Where are the CBDs
Around financial districts of Canary Wharf in ‘docklands’
And City of London or ‘square mile’ in heart of city
Where are other shopping districts apart from the CBD
Main central shopping districts are located around Oxford Street w over 300 outlets
BUT
Many other specialist quarters include Convent Garden and up market Knightsbridge
More recent attractions include Westfield shopping centre (close to Olympic Park in Stratford- opened in 2011)
Where are the Industrial areas in London
Concentrated along river Thames in London Docklands and extended along the Lea Valley until the 1980s
What did de-industrialisation cause in London, and what is happening now
Led to closure of Docks and subsequently the decline of Lea Valley as its access to outside markets was cut off
NOW major centre for services esp financial. Regeneration- created ‘Wharf and queen Elizabeth Olympic Park’
Explain residential in London
Mixed with sprawling suburbs which were developed through out 20th century.
Eg Suburbiton in Kingston is gone to affluent commuters and retired residents
Inner city boroughs- Tower Hamlets- mix of 195). Entire terraces and flats- part of comprehensive redevelopment of London- after WW2
Houses young, poor and the ethnicity is mixed.
Explain cultural diversity in London
The international port- magnet for migration for centuries
Culturally diverse pop
50 non indigenous populations with populations over 100,000
2015- 44% of the city population was classed black or an ethnic minority origin
300 languages spoken by London people
One of the most tolerant and welcoming multi-cultural cities in the world
Economic reasons for the growth of London
London has been an international port and gateway to the UK market for goods from all over the world for centuries
Following the growth of containerisation, London docks closed in 1980 w loss of 10,000 jobs directly and many indirectly
London is now one of the world’s key financial centres
Technological reasons for the growth of London
London was the first city to have a significant underground railways- opened in 1863- and made rapid suburbanisation possible
London expanded upwards and outwards. This is noticeable in the CBD
Can make construction of buildings over 500m
The tallest building is the shard and is 304m
Political reason for the growth of London
Capital city- many companies locate there as they have access to government decisions ‘close to centre of power’
Employment in government departments eg education and foreign office is based in London
London has a powerful elected mayor with the power to introduce business friendly policies- may attracts business and workers
Demographic reasons for the growth of London
Migration- almost 40% of Uk foreign born pop live in London
2014- net migration for London around 107000
Natural growth- youthful pop
40,000 r GTA people inner London each year
^^places like Tower Hamlets
Social and economical issues
Inequality
Significant and widening gap between rich and poor
Incomes in London more unequal then any other region in UK
2015- London fairness commission- £1 of wealth owned by poor= £172 by rich
Where is the out of town shopping centre and what has it caused the
Brent Cross
Caused decentralisation and peripheral growth
What is urban sprawl prevented by in London
The Metropolitan Belt
What occurs around the financial centre in Canary Wharf
Fortress developments- former docklands
Urban resurgence/re generation- former docklands following de industrialisation
Did London have air pollution issues
Yes and management strategies
Living in Tower Hamlets
Inner city- high density living
River going through London
River Thames
Living in Suburbiton
Suburban growth
Low density living
What is happening near the New Olympic Park
Urban resurgence/ regeneration
Lea Valley following deindustrialization
Gentrification- Stratford and Newham
What is around the retail area on Oxford Street
Historic buildings- Buckingham palace
Financial District (PMWA) square mile
Population structure in London
Inner London m- younger people 20-39
Outer London- 45+
White ethnicity in Kingston upon Thames
74.5
White ethnicity in Tower Hamlets
45.2
Asian ethnicity in Kingston upon Thames
16.3
Asian ethnicity in Tower Hamlets
41.4
Child poverty rate in Kingston
20%
Child poverty rate in Tower Hamlets
43%
Households in temporary accommodation in Kingston
21%
Households in temporary accommodation in Tower Hamlets
51%
Low paid residents in Kingston
18%
Low paid residents in Hamlets
20%
How many of England’s households live in temporary accommodations arranged by the local council live in London
7/10
What percentage of new homes completely in 2015/16 were ‘affordable’
24%
This was just 6700 against a target of 17000
What percentage of Londoners were born outside the UK
38% compared to the 11% in the rest of England
